BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 485 



Natal down. — Smoke gray above becoming slightly paler on the 

 head and underparts and almost white on the chin and upper throat. 

 This is replaced later by dark hair brown to dusky drab down which 

 is uniform all over the body. 



Adult male.—Wmg 515-545 (529.2); tail 232-264 (248.5); culmen 

 from cere 49-52 (49.8); tarsus 95-97 (96.0); middle toe without 

 claw 60-63 (61.5 mm.).*^ 



Adult female.— Wmg 548-588 (576.5); tail 247-286 (271.2); culmen 

 from cere 30-35 (32.7); tarsus 101-107 (103); middle toe without 

 claw 66-77 (71.8 mm.).*^ 



Range. — Resident from northern California (Mount Lassen area), 

 southern Nevada, New Mexico, Oldahoma, southern Iowa, southern 

 Illinois, western Kentucky, Tennessee, the Carolinas, and southeastern 

 Virginia south to Florida as far as Key West, the Gulf coast, southern 

 Texas (Corpus Christi, Leona, Atacosa Mountains, Bellville, Houston, 

 San Angelo), New Mexico (upper Pecos River, San Miguel County; 

 Zufii), Arizona (Apache, Fort Whipple, Salt River), and Baja Califor- 

 nia (San Francisco, Espiritu Santo, Santa Margarita, Cedros, Todos 

 Santos, Los Coronados, and Carmen Islands; Guadaloupe Canon; 

 Hardy River; Laguna Hanson). 



After breeding wanders northward to northern Illinois, southern 

 Michigan, New York, Connecticut, Maine, New Brunswick, Nova 

 Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and southern Quebec. This makes 

 allocation of literature records less certain than one might wish. 



Type locality. — Carolina (ex Catesby). 



Falco leucocephalus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, i, 1766, 124 (America, that is, 

 South Carolina; based on Aquila capite albo, the Bald Eagle, Catesbj^, Nat. 

 Hist. Carohna, i, 1731, 1, pi. 1; Aquila leucocephalos Brisson, Oi'n., i, 423). — 

 BoDDAERT, Tabl. PL Enl., 1783, 25 (PI. Enl., pi. 411).— Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 

 i, pt. 1, 1788, 255.— Latham, Index Orn., i, 1790, 11.— Shaw, Gen. Zool., 

 vii, pt. 1, 1809, 78.— Wilson, Amer. Orn., iv, 1811, 89, pi. 36.— Ord, ed. 

 Wilson's Amer. Orn., ix, 1814, 129. — Bonaparte, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. 

 Philadelphia, iii, pt. 2, 1824, 344; Obs. Wilson's Amer. Orn., 1826 [5]; Ann. 

 Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, ii, pt. 1, 1826, 26; Contr. Maclurian Lye, i, 

 1827, 10.— Audubon, Orn. Biogr., Philadelphia ed., i, 1831, 160, pi. 31; ii, 

 1834, 160, pi. 126; v, 1839, 354.— Nuttall, Man. Orn. United States and 

 Canada, Land Birds, 1832, 72. 



Aquila leucocephala Vieillot, Ois. Amer. Sept., i, 1807, 27, pi. 3. 



Vullur leucocephalus Temminck, Cat. Syst., 1807, 6, part. 



Haliaeetus leucocephalus Savigny, Descr. Egypte, Ois., 1809, 257. — Stephens, in 

 Shaw's Gen. Zool., xiii, pt. 2, 1826, 13.— Gray, Hand-list, i, 1869, 16, No. 

 145, part.— Ridgway, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1870, 143; Proc. 

 U. S. Nat. Mus., iii, 1880, 44; Nom. North Amer. Birds, 1881, No. 451, part; 

 Man. North Amer. Birds, 1887, 243, part; Orn. Illinois, i, 1889, 485.— Coues, 

 Bull. NuttaU Orn. Club, v, 1880, 99. — American Ornithologists' Union, 



" Sixteen specimens from Georgia, Florida, and Baja California. 



*^ Eleven specimens from Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, and Baja California. 



