490 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Range. — Breeds from the Arctic coast of eastern Siberia (reported 

 from Nishni Kolymsk; Chuckche Peninsula), Bering Island, north- 

 western Alaska (Wrangell K arrows; Sitka; Noatak River; Kodiak 

 Island); Aleutian Islands (Attn, Unaiaska); Iktigalik; Admiralty, 

 Chichagof, and Baronoff Islands; (not found on St. Lawrence Island, 

 however, or the Pribilofs); Stikine River; Mackenzie (Anderson and 

 Lockhart Rivers; Artillery Lake, Mactavish Bay); Keewatin (Fort 

 Churchill; Oxford Lake); east to Ungava (Ungava Bay); Labrador 

 (Okak; Petitsikapan Lake); southeastern Quebec (Gaspe County; 

 Wolf Bay; Anticosti Island); Newfoundland (Humber River; French- 

 mans Cove; Placentia Bay); and Nova Scotia (Pictou; Grand Lake; 

 Halifax); south across North America to not far from the northern 

 limit of the Lower Austral Zone, the exact southern limits being 

 impossible of dejQnition as the merging of the present race with the 

 typical southern form is a very gradual one over a broad area. The 

 southern limits may, however, be very roughly stated as southern 

 Oregon; western and central Nevada (Pyramid Lake); southern Utah; 

 southern Colorado; central Kansas; northern Iowa; south-central 

 Illinois; central Kentucky; eastern Tennessee; and, possibly the west- 

 ern, mountainous parts of the Carolinas. 



Winters from Alaska and northern Mackenzie, Ontario, Quebec, 

 and Nova Scotia southward, throughout its breeding range, occurring 

 farther south in a rather sporadic manner, at least as far south as 

 Florida. 



Type locality. — Henderson, Ky. (probably based on a winter 

 straggler) . 



Vultur leucocephahis Temminck, Cat. Syst., 1807, 6, part. 



Aquila leucocephala (not Falco leucocephahis Linnaeus). — Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso- 

 Asiat., i, 1826, 347, part. 



Aquila (Haliaeetiis) leucocephala Swainson and Richahdson, Fauna Bor.-Amer. 

 ii, 1831, 15. 



Aquila leucocephalus Hatch, Bull. Minnesota Acad. Nat. Sci., 1874, 51 (Min- 

 nesota; common). 



Haliaetus leucocephalus Lesson, Trait6 d'Orn,, 1831, 40, part. — Audubon, 

 Synopsis, 1839, 10, part; Birds Amer., 8vo ed., i, 1840, 57, pi. 14, part. — 

 NuTTALL, Man. Orn. United States and Canada, Land Birds, ed. 2, 1840, 

 74, part. — Giraud, Birds Long Island, 1844, 9 (Long Island, N. Y.). — 

 Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vi, 1853, 453; vii, 1855, 283 

 (Shoalwater Bay, Wash.); in Baird, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 1858 

 43, part. — Barry, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 1854, 2 (Wisconsin). — 

 Brewer, North Amer. OoL, i, 1857, 48, pi. 4, fig. 37, part. — Baird, Cat. 

 North Amer. Birds, 1859, No. 43, part. — Cooper and Suckley, Rep. Pacific 

 R. R. Surv., xii, book 2, pt. 3, 1860, 151 (Shoalwater Bay, Vancouver, etc.; 

 habits). — ScHLEGEL, Mus. Pays-Bas, ii. No. 3, livr. 1, 1862, 12, part (monogr.); 

 No. 36, livr. 10, 1873, 117 (Wisconsin).— Lawrence, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. 

 New York, viii, 1866, 280 (vicinity of New York City). — Allen, Amer. Nat., 

 i, 1867, 41 (Massachusetts); Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., xvii, 1874, 



