BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 693 



Juvenal (sexes alike).— Similar to the adult female, but browner 

 above, no trace of slate color anywhere, the entire upperparts being 

 dark sepia to fuscous, the crown and occiput in particular being sepia 

 rather than fuscous, the feathers of these parts with conspicuous nar- 

 row black shaft stripes; scapulars, interscapulars, upper back with 

 narrow tawny chestnut edges to the feathers; nuchal band generally 

 broader and more pinl^ish huffy than in adult females; the pale mark- 

 ings on the remiges deeper, ochraceous-buff to ochraceous-salmon; 

 entu-e underparts washed ^dth pale cinnamon-buff; eyehds and cere 

 pale greenish yellow; iris dark brown; bill bluish, black at tip and 

 tinged with greenish at base; tarsi and toes light chrome to medium 

 cadmium. 



NataJ down. — Pale smoke gray on upper surface of head, body, and 

 ^\dngs; white on under surface of body; sides of head bare. 



Adult male.—Wmg 182-200 (188.9); tail 114-128 (121.0); culmen 

 from cere 11-13 (12.5); tarsus 35-41 (38.3); middle toe without claw 

 29-31 (29.8) mm.^ 



Adult Jemale.—Wmg 192.5-215 (207.8); tail 120-140 (133.6); cul- 

 men from cere 13.5-15 (14.2) ; tarsus 38-43 (40.4) ; middle toe 'w-ithout 

 claw 30-35 (32.6 mm.).^" 



Range. — Breeds from the northern hmit of trees in eastern Canada 

 from northern Manitoba (Churchill) ; northern Ontario (Fort Severn) ; 

 northern Quebec (Fort Chimo, Minguin Island, Whale Kiver); 

 Newfoundland Labrador (Cape Chidley, Battle Harbor, Groswater 

 Bay, Henley Harbor, Long Tickle, Angutausugevik, Okkak, Nain, 

 Makkovik); Newfoundland; Nova Scotia; New Brunswick; to Maine 

 (where a rare summer resident, no definite breeding records, but 

 probable breeders reported from Hancock, Oxford, Franklin, Somer- 

 set, and Waldo) ; New Hampshire (Manchester) ; Vermont (doubtful 

 summer records); northern New York in the mountains (Phelps, 

 Naples, Middleville) ; northern Michigan (Porcupine Mountains); 

 northern Wisconsin (Outer Island); southern Manitoba (Winnipeg, 

 Assinboine Valley at Brandon, Qu'Appelle Valley); west in general 

 to the eastern edge of the Great Plains — eastern Minnesota and 

 Iowa (Grinnell). 



Migrates across eastern United States (New England, New York, 

 Ohio, Indiana, lUinois, Michigan, etc.), south to the Gulf States and 

 to Mexico; also to Bermuda. 



Winters from the Gulf States — Florida (Fruitland Park, Cedar 

 Keys, New Smyrna, De Land, Cape Romano, Miakka, Punta Gorda) ; 



*8 Twenty-eight specimens from Ungava, Wisconsin, New York, New Jersey, 

 District of Columbia, Florida, Bahamas, and Haiti. 



™ Thirty-two specimens from , Ungava, Wisconsin, New York, Pennsylvania, 

 Illinois. Virginia, Florida, Cuba, and Guadeloupe Island, West Indies. 



