174 GEO. H. HORN, M. D. 



than usual in the present series of Carabidse, and the structure of the 

 inner side may be compared rather to the deep oblique groove already 

 mentioned in some of the earlier tribes. 



The ophiion expressed by Zimmerman that Zahrus should constitute 

 a special tribe seems to me far more nearly correct, than that expressed 

 by Lacordaire, Schaum and others in placing it in the Pterostichini. 

 It is however, as remarked by Bedel, an intermediate tribe between the 

 Pterostichini and Harpalini, with strongly marked characters of each 

 tribe equally present and yet abundantly distinct from either by the 

 structure of the anterior tibiae. The head and thorax are decidedly 

 Harpalide in structure while the elytra and anterior tarsi are Pterosti- 

 chide. The mouth parts do not exhibit any more decided relation with 

 the one tribe than the other. 



Zahrus belongs to the Circum-iNIediterranean fauna extending to the 

 Caspian Sea. 



Tribe XLVII. -Harpalini. 



Antennre usiuilly slender arising under a slight frontal ridge, the two basal 

 joints glabrous, sometimes also the greater part of the third. Head often large, 

 usually moderate, not narrowed to a neck, with one supra-orbital seta. Eyes 

 usually moderate in size, never very convex, not distant beneath from the mouth, 

 sometimes however small and distant. Clypeus slightly prolonged between the 

 mandibles, with one or two setigerous punctures near the apical margin. Labrum 

 moderately prominent, truncate or emarginate, plurisetose in front. Mandibles 

 stout, rarely ( Glyptus) prominent, acute at tip and without setigerous puncture 

 externally. Maxillae hooked at tip ^except in Gli/ptus), although rather feebly in 

 some genera (ArLiitus), the inner margin ciliate, the outer lobe usually slender, 

 as long as the inner lobe but shorter in Glyptus. biarticulate, the terminal joint 

 often longer than the first, the palpi moderate, the terminal joint slightly oval or 

 subcylindrieal, sometimes slightly pilose. Mentum broad, emarginate, with or 

 without a median tooth which is sometimes as long as the lobes [Arifstvts) ; ligula 

 prominent, variable in form, the tip free (usually bisetose) and in most cases 

 dilated, the paraglossse variable in form always as long as, frequently longer than 

 the ligula and very often ciliate at tip, the palpi moderate in length, the terminal 

 joint never longer and very rarely equal to the preceding which is plurisetose 

 except in Glyptus where there are no setse. Thorax variable in form, with a 

 lateral seta, but none in the hind angles. Body sometimes subpedunculate, 

 scutellum distinct. Elytra usually margined at base, sides narrowly inflexed, 

 the margin variable but never with an internal plica, surface striate, often densely 

 punctured, either pubescent or glabrous, with or without dorsal punctures. Pro- 

 sternum not prolonged. Mesosternum separating the coxse, the epimera very nar- 

 row. Metasternal epimera distinct, the posterior coxse contiguous. Legs variable, 

 often stout and fossorial. The middle and posterior tibiaj otten spinulose or even 

 serrulate externally, the anterior with the outer apical angle spinous or prolonged 

 obtusely. The tarsi variable in structure. 



Sexual characters variable. 

 From the areat number of uenera which have been established on 



