PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIOXJL MUSEUM. 175 



XI. 



Order SYNENTOGNATHI. 



=Pharii»(io(jnathi malacopleri/dii, MC'M.EK, Arrlm Xatnrgesch., 9. .lalirg'., I, p. 



310, 1843; IH. JaUrg., I, p. 103, 1845; Abhaudl. Akad. Wiss., 1842, p. 170. 



(Suborder.) 

 =£socts, BoNArAKTE, Cousp. S,v8t. Pisciimi, Ordo 14, 1850. (Order.) 

 :=Soft- filmed Pharyngeal Fishes {Malucopler[i<jii), Ad.\ms, Mau. Nat. Hist., p. 



106, 18.54. (Suborder.) 

 =zSijnphariin<jodonles, Eleekek, Enum. Spec. Piseiiiiii Arch. Iiul., p. xx.\, 1859. 



(TriJ)ii': of Ordo Esotes.) 

 ^Siiiifntoi/nathi, Gill. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1859, p. 148 (1859). (Sub- 

 order.) 

 =Malacopterii<iii phaningognathi, Gunthek, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, p. 1, 1865. 



(Suborder. Ab.indoned, aud family Scomheresocida- ouly recognized, Yl, 



p. 233. J 

 =Synentofjnathi, Cope, Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci. 1871, XX, i)p. 335, 338(1872). 



(Order.) 

 =^Scombrcsoces, Hleeker, Atlas Ich. ludes N6erlaud., VI, p. 40, 1866-72. 

 =^Synento(jnath}, .JoRD.\N aud Gilbert, Syn, Fishes N. Am., pp. 367, 371, 1882. 



(Order.) 



Family EXOCCETID.E. 



<iS(rt^/o»of('.s, DuMEuiL, Zool. Anal., p. 149, 1806. 



X I'-Kocctini, Rafinesque, Indice d'lttiolog. Siciliana, p. 35, 1810. 



^Sah-idini, R.\kine.sque, Indice d'lttiohig. Siciliana, p. 33, 1810. 



<^Sii((joHia, Rafinesque, Analyse Nat., p. 89, 1815. 



<^Exoceides, Risso, Hist. Nat. de UEurope Merid., Ill, p. 440, 1826. 



<^Scomhcresoccs, Muller, Archiv Naturgesch., 9. Jahrg., I, p. 312, 1843 ; 1 1. .lalirg., 



I, p. 102, 1845. 

 <^Scoml)€r-Esoces {Scomberesocida'), Aga.ssiz, Rept. Brit. Assu. Adv. Sci., 1844, 



p. 292. 

 y>Exucatida', Bonaparte, Catalogo Metodica dei Pesci Europei, pp. 8, 80, 1846. 

 'yExocxtidu'. Bonaparte, Consp. Syst. Ich., faiii. 69, 1850. 

 X BvJomdiv, Bonaparte, Consp. Syst. Ich , fam. 68, 1850. 

 <CScomhercsockl(f, Adaais, Man. Nat. Hist., p. 106, 1854. 

 <^Scomhcreaocid(v, Richard.son, Encycl. Brit., 8 ed., XII, p. 264, 18,56. 

 <^Scoi)ihrc>iocoid€i , Bleeker, Enum. Sp. Piscium Archipel. Indico, p. xxx, 1859. 

 X SroDiberesocoidif, Gill, Cat. Fishes E. Coast N. America, p. 38, 1861. 

 '^Exocafoidiv, Gill, Cat. Fishes E. Coast N. America, p. 38, 18(il. 

 <^Svo:nbrcsocida', GuNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., VI, p. 233, 1866. 

 <^Scombi-esocida', Cope, Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci., XX, p. 338, 1872. 

 :=ScombeiTsocid(r, Gill, Arrang. Fam. Fishes, p. 14, 1872. 

 <lScombe7-csocei, Fit7.ix(;er, Sitz. K. Akad. Wisseiisch. Wieii, LXVII, 1. Abth., 



p. 36, 1873. 

 <^Scombre8ocid(v, Poey, Aual. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat., IV, p. 9, 1875. 

 <^Scombeveiioeid(v, .Jordan aud Gilbert, Syn. Fishes N. America, pp. 7.5, 371, 1882. 



Diagnosis. — Syiientognathi with the supriuiuixiUaries only iu contact 

 with the iiitermaxillaries, the inaudible with a reduced intradentary 

 bone, the hypopharynjieals united in a broad triangular body, the third 

 pair of ei)i})haryiigeals much enlarged, those of the fourth pair aborted 

 or united with tlie third, and the vertebra' witiiout zygapopiiysoid 

 processes. 



