54 Bl^LLETIN 58, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



List of specimens of Bovihina orientalis. 



a Description, p. 51 ; figs. 39-43. 6 P. 53. 



Suborder LINGUATA. 



1845. Linguata Gravenhorst, Thierreich, p. 43. 



1847. Phaneroglossa Gervais, Diet. d'Hist. Nat., IX, p. 721. 



Salientia having a tongue; eustachian tubes with tw^o pharjTigeal 

 openings; lacking ribs and transverse process to urostyle. Larvae 

 with one spiraculum on left side only. 



The term Ranse. phaneroglossx used in 1830 by Wagler (and usually 

 quoted simply as ''Phaneroglossa") included the majority of both 

 Salientia and Caudata. Dumeril and Bibron first restricted the 

 '•Phaneroglosses" (first latmized by Gervais in 1847, so far as I have 

 been able to ascertain) to the Salientia with, a tongue, therein including 

 also the Discoglossidae. Those who still regard these as belonging to 

 the same suborder as the other tongued Salientia will probably retain 

 the name Phaneroglossa. Gravenhorst's Linguata may then be re- 

 stricted to the latter without the genera having ribs. Originally, it 

 is true, it was meant to be equivalent to the Phaneroglosses, but it 

 has never been accepted for them, and the Discoglossidae form so small 

 a portion that it is better to retain it as here defined than to create 

 a new name. 



The families to which the toads and frogs inhabiting our region 

 belong may be distmguished as follows: 



KEY TO FAMILIES. 



a' Clavicle and coracoid of each side connected liy a longitudinal arched cartilage, 

 which overlaps that of the opposite side. 



61 Both jaws toothless Bufonid.^ 



h- Upper jaw toothed Hylid.« 



a^ Clavicles and coracoids of both sides firmly united by a single median cartilage. 



61 Both jaws toothless; sacral diapophyses dilated Engystomiixe 



62 Upper jaw toothed; sacral diapophyses not or but slightly dilated Raniu.^ 



The characters of the two groups indicated by a^ and a^ correspond 

 to those of Cope's Arcifera and Firmisternia, respectively, divisions 

 W'hich Boulenger calls "series." 



