192 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxi. 



11. CLEISTHENES Jordan and Starks. 



Cleisihenes Jordan and Starks, Bull. U. S. Fish Com., XXII, 1902 (1904), p. 622^ 

 {pinetorum). 



This genus is closely allied to Hippoglossoides^ differing in having 

 cycloid scales everywhere in the ^^oiing, and an increased number of 

 gillrakers. The adult has a single row of ctenoid scales along anterior 

 base of dorsal and anal, a few on snout on ridge behind interorbital 

 space, and on opercle. The dorsal begins at the orljital rim slightly 

 on the blind side. Eyes and color on right side. Teeth in a single 

 row. 



{Cleisthenes^ the effeminate, an Athenian noted by Aristophanes*) 



21. CLEISTHENES PINETORUM Jordan and Starks. 



Cleisihenes pinetorum Jordan and Starks, Bull. U. S. Fish Com., XXII, 1902 

 (1904), p. 622, plate (Kinkwazan Island, Bay of Matsushima). 



Habitat.— MRtsushima,^ in deep water. 



Head, 3.66 in length; depth, 2.6; D. 76; A. 56; scales, 80; upper 

 eye, 4.6 in head; snout from upper eye, 4.6; pectoral of e^^ed side, 2; 

 of blind side, 2..5; ventral, 3; caudal, 1.4. 



Dorsal outline of anterior part of bodj'^ and head an even concave 

 curve to near tip of snout, broken only by protruding upper eye. 

 Upper eye cutting into protile, and ranging nearly vertically upward, 

 about two-fifths of it being visible from the blind side. Tip of snout 

 blunt and rounded; mouth rather strongly curved; maxillary reaching 

 scarcel3'to middle of lower eye, not covered along middle of its length 

 by the prefrontal; teeth small, acute, in a single series in each jaw, 

 scarcely enlarged anteriorly; nostrils moderate, the anterior in a short 

 tube which does not reach to edge of preorbital; preorbital with a 

 blunt spine on anterior edge; eyes about equal in size, separated by a 

 flat interspace, covered with cycloid scales; gillrakers slender, equal to 

 half the e^'e in length, 8 to 10 above and 24 to 27 below the angle. 



Dorsal fin beginning slightly on blind side at edge of orbit opposite 

 posterior margin of pupil; anal preceded by a strong spine; ventrals not 

 reaching to anal (reaching to base of second anal ray in young); caudal 

 evenly rounded behind; scales everywhere cycloid and with concentric 

 rings in specimens 4 or 5 inches long. 



A specimen 10 inches long has cycloid scales except a single row of 

 ctenoid scales along base of dorsal and anal anteriorly, a few in front 

 and behind the interorbital space, and some on opercles. The t3'pe 

 (8.5 inches long) has onl}" an occasional ctenoid scale along base of dorsal 

 and anal, and the ctenoid scales on head are very sparse. A specimen 

 7 inches long has only a few ctenoid scales remaining on head behind 

 interorbital space. 



