546 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



ments are used extensively in iinthropometiy and their relation 



/'facial heiffht, upper, X 100\ . ^, i^ • i • j ,- i^ i, 



( —y. r^ — - — ^^.. ) ffives the upper racial index or Koll- 



V diam. biz3^^omatic max. / ^ ^^ 



mann. Doctor A-bbott's series of orangs shows in these particulars as 



follows: 



Facial dimensions. 



" Lowest point in the median line of the upper alveolar process. 



The males and females are seen to differ greatly in absolute size, but 

 the relative proportions (upper facial indices) are, in average, as well 

 as in range, almost identical. Quite an extensive variation in size and 

 shape exists in both sexes. The male crania show that facial growth 

 in that sex does not cease before the apes become fully adult. 



Comparison of the facial with the cephalic index, given in the fol- 

 lowing table, displa3^s a lack of correspondence; the facial growth is 

 apparently controlled, unlike in man, much more by the development 

 of the teeth and facial muscles than by that of the cranial vault. 



Facial compared witli cephalic index. 



Facial ])rogn,athism is very largely alveolar. In some of the orang 

 skulls of Doctor Abbott's series (as, for instance, in No. 142189) this is 

 so marked that the face from above downward presents a decided con- 



