624 FR0CEED1NG!S OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxi. 



6. KONOSIRx5s Jordan and Snyder. 



Konosirus Jordan and Snyder, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1900, p. 349 

 {2}unctatus). 



This genus is closely related to Dorosoma^ the American Gizzard 

 Shad, differing- in the larger mouth, longer gill-rakers, and in the very 

 low anal fin. 



The dorsal, as in Dorosoma^ has its last ray produced in a long fila- 

 ment. Species Asiatic, entering rivers. 



{Konoshiro, the Japanese name, from the Castle of Konoshiro, 

 hono^ virtue; shiro^ castle; in allusion to the bai-red markings, like the 

 castle gates.) 



KEY TO SPECIES. 



a. Snout little longer than lower jaw; depth about 3| in length, without 

 caudal; anal rays 22 to 24; scales 55; a dark opercular sj^ot and 



dark streaks along the rows of scales above pundatus, 6 



aa. Snout ver\' prominent, i:>rojecting much beyond lower jaw; depth 2^ 

 in length, without caudal; anal rays 20 to 22; scales 50; color silvery, 

 with a dark opercular spot; bluish above; rows of si:)ots along sides 

 of back indistinct or wanting »«s«.s, 7 



6. KONOSIRUS PUNCTATUS (Schlegel) Jordan and Snyder. 

 KONOSHIRO. 



Chatoessus pundatus Schlegel, Fauna Jaj). Poiss., 1846 p. 240, pi. cix, fig. 1 

 (Nagasaki). — Cuvier and Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., XXI, 1848, p. 107 

 (Japan). — Bleeker, Verb. Bat. Gen., XXV, Japan, p. 50. — Kner, Novara 

 Fische, 1867, p. 336 (Madras, Tahiti).— Gunther, Cat. Fish., VII, 1868, 

 p. 408.— Namiye, Class. Cat., 1881, p. 109 (Tokyo).— Ishikawa, Prel. Cat., 

 1897, p. 9 (Tokyo; Boshu, Japan). 



Konosirus pundatus Jordan and Snyder, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1900, p. 327 

 (Tokyo); Check Hst, 1901, p. 52 (Yokohama). 



Clupanodon thrissa Jordan and Snyder, Proc. TJ. S. Nat. Mus., 1900, p. 743 

 (Yokohama; not Clupea thrissa of Osbeck, a Chinese species). 



Habitat. — Shores of southern Japan, entering estuaries. 



Head 4 in length (ttf in total length); depth 3i (3t); D. 16, A. 23; 

 P. 16; V. 8; scales in lateral series, 55; e3'e space 1: in head; eye 6; 

 interorbital space 4i in head; mandible 2|; pectoral \\\ ventral 2i; 

 caudal peduncle compressed, about 3. 



Body deep compressed, elliptical ovate; the belly moi'e curved than 

 back; body less elevated than in species of Doromma; throat and belly 

 sharp, margined by scutes terminating in sharp spines which point 

 backward; head rather small, conical, rather broad above, the inter- 

 orbital space with a blunt median ridge; snout blunt, quite short, 

 broad; eye space large, pointed anteriorly, all but pupil of eye cov- 

 ered by an adipose lid; mouth subterminal, slightl}' inferior, the pre- 

 maxillaries projecting slightly beyond cleft, medium size, larger than 

 in the American species, Dorosoma cepedianum ; mandible extending 

 to posterior margin of e3'e space; maxillar}- well developed posteriorly, 

 reaching to middle of orbit; opercular membrane bones broad, well 



