NO. 1499. THE HERRINGS OF JAPAN— JORDAN AND HERRE. 617 



Mugilomorm anna-carolina Lacepede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V, 1803, p. 398 (South 



Carolina). 

 Elops inermis Mitchill, Trans. Lit. and Phil. Soc. N. Y., I, 1815, p. 445 (New 



York). 

 Elops indicus Swainsox, Class. Fish., IT, 1839, p. 292, (after Inagow of Russell, 



Fishes of Vizagapatam, II, 1803, p. 63, fig. 179, nonbinomial) (Yizigapatam). 

 Elops capensis Smith, Zool. S. Africa, 1845, pi. vii (Cape of Good Hope). 

 Elops purpurascens HiCHARVSos, Ichth. China, 1846, p. 311 (Canton). 



Habitat. — Tropical seas generall}^ north to southern Japan. 



Head 3.75; depth al)out 5; D, 25 (inckiding 7 rudiments); A. 16; 

 P. 18; V. 15; vertebne 6Q; scales 11—96-17, counting to middle of 

 belly; ej^e nearh' 5 in head, and equal to snout or interor])ital space; 

 mouth a little over 1.75 in head; pectoral 1.75; ventral a little more 

 than pectoral, less than 2; least depth of caudal peduncle 3 in head. 



Bod}" elongate, compressed; head compressed, elongate, pointed; 

 snout short, pointed, more or less rounded above; eye rather large, 

 with broad adipose eyelid covering most of eye, except pupil; maxil- 

 lary very long, expanded backward beyond the eye, with several lon- 

 gitudinal ridges; teeth in broad patches or bauds in the jaws, along 



.^^-S ^g:,; A...^_. . , 



Fig. 1.— Elops saurus. 



edge of maxillary and on vomer and palatines; tongue large, rather 

 long, free in front; nostrils close together; interorbital space flattened, 

 ridged. 



Gill openings large; gill rakers 8+5 long, the outer portion more 

 or less slightly expanded or enlarged; intestine straight, without con- 

 volutions; peritoneum silvery. 



Scales small, uniform; bases of dorsal and anal with broad seal}' 

 sheaths; pectoral with scaly flap more than half length of head; ventral 

 flap scaly, more than half length of fln; lateral line continuous; origin 

 of dorsal nearer base of caudal than tip of snout, slightly behind base 

 of ventrals, the anterior rays elevated; origin of anal a little behind 

 tip of dorsal, the anterior rays longest; caudal deeply forked, lobes 

 pointed; pectoral rather short, reaching scarcely halfwa}" to origin of 

 ventrals; ventrals a little shorter than pectorals, reaching more than 

 halfway to anal. 



