ART. as 



MASTODONS FOUND IN TEXAS HAY 



molar just described. The anterior buttress of the first inner cone 

 passes downward and outward in a broad ridge to join the well- 

 developed front cingulum. Buttresses from the confronting faces 

 of the first, second, and third crests join and close the first and sec- 

 ond valleys. The third valley is rather open, there being on the 

 hinder face of the third inner cone onl}^ a sharp ridge. The other 

 buttresses are composed of conules more or less free at their sum- 

 mits. On a proper amount of attrition trefoils would be produced 

 at the inner ends of the first, second, and third crests. No buttresses 

 are present on the outer cones, but there is on the hinder face of the 

 third one a tubercle which one may suppose might in some descend- 

 ant have developed into a buttress. The rear of the tooth is a low 

 mass of conules which represent an incipient crest fused with a talon. 



Figs. 1-3. — Gomphotherium cimarronis. X-5. Diagrams to show position of the 



FANGS of the ROOTS. VIEWED WITH CROWN DIRECTED DOWNWARD. ThB NUMERALS 

 INDICATE THE CRESTS SUPPORTED. 1, UPPER RIGHT SECOND MOLAR ; 2, UPPER RIGHT 

 THIRD MOLAR ; 3, LOWER LEFT THIRD MOLAR 



At the inner end are two stout conules, the anterior of which appears 

 to represent the principal cone of a crest. The still larger conule 

 behind this may belong to the talon. Between these two conules 

 and the outer one is a row of three smaller ones. The talon is com- 

 pleted by two small conules one of which is applied against the large 

 hinder and inner conule. The second. outer cone shoAvs at its summit 

 a row of five conules ; while the third displays only tAvo. Each in- 

 ner cone has a conule applied to its face next the median fissure. 

 The cingulum in front is continued on the inner face as a well de- 

 veloped tuberculated and beaded ridge. It ceases behind the third 

 transverse valley. In the valleys there is a considerable accumula- 

 ation of cement, and a coat of this covers the bases of the roots. 

 The roots are disposed as in the second molar described above (text- 

 fig. 2), but the hinder root is larger than in the second molar. 



