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terior lateral projections of the thyroid cartilage, and is 

 inserted into the cricoid cartilage. This njuscle is proba- 

 bly a portion of the lower constrictor, with a very difler- 

 ent insertion. 



MUSCLES OF THE EAR. 



The external Meatus of the ear is a long tube composed 

 of numerous rings reseml)ling very much the rings of the 

 trachefe. It ends in large flat cartilaginous plate or 

 pinna. The pinna is moved by cutaneous muscles. One 

 of the best marked of the cutaneous muscles of the ear 

 arises from the inner surface of the Panniculus, under the 

 Dermo Extensor Brachialis, and extending forward, passes 

 under the flat pinna of the ear. It then becomes fan 

 shaped and is inserted on the inner surface of the Pannic- 

 ulus of the neck. Another flat, deeper layer of this 

 muscle, with the same function passes over the pinna in a 

 manner similar to that in which the former passes over the 

 meatus auditorius externus. The function of both, seems 

 to be to close the ear. The one by pressing the pinna flat 

 upon the skin and the other by approximating the inner 

 walls of the tube of the ear. In addition to these mus- 

 cles, we have a set whose function is to move the ear. 

 They have an origin from the Panniculus and are inserted 

 on the projection of the lower part of the upper surface 

 of the pinna. 



M. Attollens Aurem. 



A very small muscle has for its function the elevation 

 of the ear. It has an insertion into the projection at the 

 lower part of the external surface of the pinna. It is of 

 triangular shape. Its origin is from the Panniculus Car- 

 nosus, where it interdigitates with fibres of the Panniculus 

 Carnosus which there have a lonjritudinal direction. 



