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rior and just posterior to the Sterno-glossus Superior; 

 it is very easily seen when the neck is opened from the 

 ventral side. A thin superficial muscular layer covers 

 more or less of the inner part of the head between the 

 rami of the lower jaw and the front of the insertion of the 

 Sterno hyoid. It is inserted on the inner side of the lower 

 jaw below the insertion of the Temporal and in advance 

 of the Masseter. 



DEEPER MUSCLES OF THE PANNICULUS CARNOSUS. 



The whole back and sides of the animal are covered 

 with a thick cutaneous muscular mass, in which are em- 

 bedded the spines. This is known as the Panniculus 

 Carnosus. Its fibres are inserted into the bases of the 

 spines, and by this means the spines, are elevated or de- 

 pressed. The Panniculus is firmly united with the skin, 

 and is thickest upon the sides of the body. As it ap- 

 proaches the head and extremities the Panniculus becomes 

 much thinner, and the direction of the muscular fibres 

 more uniform. The Panniculus is firmly attached to the 

 head and ulna. Passing from the inner surface of the 

 Panniculus Carnosus to difierent parts of the fore-leg and 

 neck, we find certain deeper portions of the muscle, which 

 I have deemed worthy of a description, and name. 



M. Dermo Dorsi Cervicalis. 



The Dermo Dorsi Cervicalis is a long thin muscle, 

 forming, with its fellow of the opposite side, an irregular 

 ellipse upon the back. Its breadth is not uniform ; its 

 posterior and anterior ends are broader than the middle 

 portion. The muscle arises from the eighth, ninth and 

 tenth vertebrae and ribs, and from the Aponeurosis of the 

 posterior trapezius. The origin of the fibres nearest the 



