ORNITHOLOGICAL EXPLORATIONS. 293 



2 ad.— U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 92532; L. Slejneger No. 1703. Bering Island, October 31, 



1882. 



Indistinguishable from the male described above, except by being a trifle smaller. 



Juv.— V. S. Nat. Mu8., No. 92523 ; L. Slejneger No. 2229. Copper Island, July 5, 1883. 



Head above dark gray with a brownish tinge; loral space blackish; superciliary 



stripe onlj' recognizable behind the eye ; ear-coverts suffused with blackish. Back 



and rump a shade more rusty than in the adult, the black bars less distinct. Ground 



color of the lower surface similar to that of the adults, but as the dusky edges of each 



feather are much broader, the young seems dusky below with spots of pale buff, the 



throat being almost uniformly suffused with dusky ; besides, the flanks and abdomen 



are more brownish. Wings and tails mostly like those of the adults, the longest tertial 



having the inner web uniform blackish-brown edged with brownish buff and without 



cross-marking ; the white spots on the smaller wing-coverts less pure. 



Troglodytes pallescens needs no comparison with Troglodytes neglectus 

 Brooks, from Cashmere, which has "the entire back from the mantle 

 downwards distinctly barred with dusky blackish, remains of some of 

 these bars even occurring on the hind neck," which has " about twelve 

 bars distinguishable on the centre tail-feathers," and " the throat and 

 chest dusky brown, with blackish cross-bars." 



!Nor should any comparison with Troglodytes fumigatus TejVIM. from 

 Japan be necessary. But as the Troglodytce from the Pacihc coasts have 

 been sorely confounded by prominent writers, and especially of late by 

 Mr. Taczanowski* it may not be out of place to indicate the differences : 



1. T. fumigatus is decidedly smaller, with, both absolutely and pro- 

 portionately, much smaller bill. 



2. The general color of fumigatus is much darker and richer, both 

 above and below, being in fact one of the deepest colored species of 

 the groui), while pallescens ranks among the palest and dullest. 



3. In fumigatus the dusky cross-bars are more distinct and reach 

 further forward, both on the upper and the lower surface, forming very 

 distinct spots on the chest and in some species even on the throat. The 

 bars on the tail are more numerous, and the longest tertiary has the 

 inner web of the same color as the outer web, and is also distinctly barred 



* Since this article was written Mr. H. Seebohm (Ibis, 1884, p. 41) has made a 

 rather curious statement in regard to the forms here mentioned. He said: "To dis- 

 tinguish it [T. xiarvulus var. fumigatus] even as a variety from T. alascensis and T. 

 pacificus can only be regarded as hair-siilitting, the extremes in a series of any one 

 variety overlapping the extremes of the nearest allied varieties." Not half a year 

 before Mr. Seebohm committed the same " hair-splitting " (Hist. Brit. Birds, I, p. 50G), 

 and he does not state how great the additional material is upon which his new dis- 

 covery is founded. The series of specimens from both sides of thePacilic I have had 

 the opportunity of examining amounts to about sixty, and in view of these Mr. See- 

 bohm's opinion is inexplicable to me. (Cf. what is said below about the intergra- 

 dation. See also Ridgway's very important article in Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1883, p. 370, 

 on the same subject.) 



