710 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM, 



Alle nigricans Link, Beschr. Nat.-Samml. Univ. Rostock, i, 1806, 17. — Coues, 

 Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, iv, 1879, 244; Check List, 2d ed., 1882, no. 863.— 

 RiDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., iii, 1880 (Cat. N. Am. Birds, no. 752); 

 Nom. N. Am. Birds, 1881, no. 752.— Park, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vii, 1882, 

 61 (Lansingburg, on Hudson River, Nov. 8, 1881). — Dutcher, Auk, i, 1884, 

 35 (Fire Island, New York, Nov., Dec). 



A[lle] nigricans Coues, Key N. Am. Birds, 2d ed., 1884, 810. 



U[ria] gri/Ue (not Colymbus gryllc Linnaeus) Bonnaterre, Tabl. Enc. Meth., i, 

 1790, 36, pi. 9, fig. 5. 



Mergulus mdanoleucos Leach, Syst. Cat. Mam., etc., Brit. Mus., 1816, 42 [nomen 

 nudum); in Ross, Voy. Disc. Baffin's Bay, 1819, App., p. 1. — Stephens, 

 Shaw's Gen. Zool., xiii, pt. 1, 1826, 34.— Brandt, Bull. Ac. St. Petersb., ii, 

 1837, 347.— Thompson, Nat. Hist. Ireland, iii, 1851, 218.— Brandt, Melang. 

 Biol., vii, 1869, 221.— Gray (R.), Birds West Scotl., 1871, 431.— Rowley, 

 Orn. Misc., i, 1875, 126 (Melville Bay). 



Colymbus glocitans 0'B,Eii,i,Y, Greenland, 1818, 146, pi. 14, fig. 1. 



Uria minor Merrem, in Ersch u. Gruber, Encycl., sect. i,ii, 1819, 406. 



Cephas minor Meneville, Icon. Reg. Anim., Ois., 1829-38, pi. 60, fig. 5. 



Mergulus arclicus Brehm, Ilandb. Vog. Deutschl., 1831, 994. 



Genus PINGUINUS Bonnaterre. 



Flautus (not of Gunnerus, 1761) Brxjnnich, Zool. Fund., 1771, 78. (Type, by 

 monotypy, "Brillefuglen-' = .4/ca impennis Linnaeus.) 



Pinguinus Bonnaterre, Tabl. Enc. Meth., i, 1790, 28. (Tj^je, Alca impennis 

 Linnaeus.) 



Pinguin (emendation) Fischer de Waldheim, Nat. Mus. zu Paris, ii, 1803, 188. 



Torda Dumbril, Zool. Anal., 1806, 72. (Type, Alca impennis Linnaeus.) 



Chenalopex Dumont, Diet. Sci. Nat., \aii, 1817, 392. (Type, by monotypy, 

 Alca impennis linnams.) 



(?) Chenalopex "Moehr[ing]2' Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat., xxiv, 1818, 

 132. (No type designated, and pertinence uncertain.) 



Chenalopes (emendation) Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat., xxiv, 1818, 466. 

 (Type, Grand alque ou grand pingouin=Alca impennis Linnaeus.) 



Mataeoptera Gloger, Hand-und Hilfsb., 1842, 475. (Type, Alca impennis Linn- 

 aeus.) 



Gyralca Steenstrup, Vid. Med. Nat. For. Kjob., 1855, 114. (Type, Alca impen- 

 nis Linnaeus.) 



Largest of Alcidse (exposed culmen 80 or more, the feebly de- 

 veloped wing about 146 mm.) with wings feebly developed, unfitted 

 for flight; bill about as long as head, the mandil)le (as well as maxilla) 

 with numerous transverse grooves, and tail composed of 14 rec- 

 triccs. 



BiU about as long as head, the distance from anterior end of nos- 

 tril to tip of maxilla greater than from same point to rictus, deep 

 and greatly compressed, its greatest depth more than twice its 

 greatest width; culmen shghtly concave basally, then faintly arched 

 and strongly curved to the decurved tip; gonys shghtly but dis- 

 tinctly concave distaUy, convex and prominant basally; maxilla 

 with a distijict obli(|Uc basal lamina, narrower above, its distal half 

 with several (about 6 to 10) oblique, faintly curved lateral grooves, 



