BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 79 



Squatarola grisea Leach, Syst. Cat. Mam., etc., 1816, 29 {nomen nuduvi; Bristol, 



England).— Lesson, Traits d'Om., 1831, 543. 

 Vanellus griseus Jenyns, Man. Brit. Vertebr., 1835, 131. — Bolle, Journ. fiir Orn., 



1855, 176 (Canary Islands). 

 S[quatarola] cinerea Fleming, Hist. Brit. Anim., 1828,111 (new name for Tringa 



squatarola Linnaeus). 

 Squatarola ci/ierea Gould, Birds Europe, iv, 1837, pi. 290 and text. — Thompson, 



Birds Ireland, ii, 1850, 106.— Turnbull, Birds E. Penn. and N. J., 1869, 38 



(Phila. ed., 29).— Gray (R.), Birds West Scotl., 1871, 262.— Saxby, Birds 



Shetland, 1884, 187. 

 Squatarola helvetica australis Reichenbach, Grail. Novdt., 1852, pi. 178, figs. 



2683, 2684. 

 Squatarola australis Olphe-Galliard, Contr. Faun. Orn. Eur. Occ, fasc. xiii, 



1890, 6. 

 [Squatarola] vAlsoni Lichtenstein, Nom. Av. Mus. BeroL, 1854, 95 {nomen 



nudum). 

 Squatarola longirostris Brehm (A. E.), Journ. fiir Orn., 1854, 79 (nomen nudum; 



Menzaleh Lake, n. e. Africa). 

 Squatarola megarhynchos Brehm, Vogelf., 1855, 284 (n. e. and s. e. Europe; Egj'pt). 

 [Squatarola] rhynchornega Bonaparte, Compt. Rend., xliii, 1856, 416 (Abyssinia). 

 [Squatarola] subtridactyla Gray, Hand-list, iii, 1871, 13, no. 9981 (ex Hasselquist). 

 Charadrius megalorlajnchus Reichenow, Journ. fiir Orn., 1877, 11 (Loango). 

 Squatarola squatarola cynosurx Thayer and Bangs, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Club; 



V, April 9, 1914, 23, in text ^Baillie Island, Arctic America; coll. Mus. Comp. 



Zool.).— Brooks, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., lix, 1915, 377 (iVrctic coast 



Alaska, breeding). 



Genus PLUVIALIS Brisson. 



Pluvialis Brisson, Orn., v. 1760, 42. (Type, by tautonymy, Charadrius pluvialis 

 Linn9eus=C. apricarius Linnaeus.) 



Rather large Charadriidse (wing 147-189 mm.) resembling Squa- 

 tarola hut without trace of hallux, with bill much smaller and more 

 slender, and upper parts spotted with yellow. 



BiU much shorter than head, shnnk^r, its depth at gonytUval angle 

 equal to about one-fifth the length of culmen; culmen about as long as 

 middle toe without claw or decidedl}- shorter, the distal portion 

 decidedly convex; broad nasal fossa extending for more than basal 

 half of maxilla; gon3's nearly straight, with distinct though not 

 ])rominent basal angle. Wing long and very pointed, the longest 

 ])rimary (outermost) exceeding distal secondaries by much more 

 than half the length of folded wing and extending much beyond tips 

 of longest tertials. Tail shorter than distance from bend of wing to 

 tips of distal secondaries, truncated. Tarsus nearly one-fourth 

 as long as wing, slender, covered all round with small hexagonal 

 scales, these larger in front; middle toe, without claw, decidedly 

 more than half as long as tarsus, the lateral toes much shorter, the 

 inner one decidedly shorter than' the outer; hallux wanting; a small 



