BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 63 



bb. Crest "bushy," decumbent; hallux absent; -wing pointed, the outermost 



primary longest or equal to the longest Ptiloscelys (extralimital)." 



aa. Head not crested; plumage without metallic colors; smaller (wing less than 210 

 mm.). 

 b. Tarsus longer than middle toe with claw, 

 c. Culmen shorter than middle toe with claw; tarsus less than two and a half 

 times as long as middle toe without claw. 

 d. Hallux absent or else (Squatarola) culmen longer than middle toe without 

 claw, bill stout, and upper parts spotted. 

 e. Wing with a small blunt metacarpal spur; upper parts black, gray, aud 



white, in large, mostly longitudinal, areas Hoploxypterus (p. G9) . 



ee. Wing without metacarpal spur; upper parts not colored as above. 

 /. Larger (wing more than 150 mm.); upper parts much spotted or speckled, 

 lower parts (in summer adults) mo.-^tly black. 

 g. Hallux present but minute; bill much larger and stouter, the culmen 

 as long as middle toe without claw, the gonydeal angle prominent; 



upperpartsspotted with white Squatarola (p. 72). 



gg. Hallux absent; bill much smaller and more slender, the culmen de- 

 cidedly shorter than middle toe without claw, the gonydeal angle 



notprominent; upperpartsspotted with yellow Pluvialis(p.79). 



ff. Smaller (wing less than 150 mm.); upper parts chiefly plain Ijrownish 

 gray or grayish brown, the lower parts never mostly black. 

 g. Posterior processes of sternum projecting backward nearly to extremity 

 of keel, the outer pair somewhat everted; culmen not longer than dis- 

 tance from its base to anterior angle of eye Eudromias (p. 94). 



gg. Posterior processes of sternum much shorter, not projecting l)ackward 



nearly to the extremity of the keel, the outer pair not everted; 



culmen much longer than distance from its base to anterior angle 



of eye. 



h. Exposed culmen more than twice as long as middle toe without 



claw: upper parts striped with buff. .Oreopholus (extralimital). b 



hh. Exposed culmen less than twice as long as middle toe without 



claw; upper parts not striped. 



i. Tail much more than half as long as wing, decidedly to strongly 



graduated; chest with two black bands, separated l)y a white 



one; rump ochraceous or ochraceous-cinnamon, in contrast with 



grayish brown of back Oxyechus (p. 98). 



n. Tail much less than half as long as wing, truncate, or very slightly 

 rounded or doulile-rounded; chest with a single black band or 

 none; rump grayish brown, concolor with back. 

 j. Tarsus more than twice as long as middle toe without claw. 



Podasocys (p. 104). 

 jj. Tarsus not more (usually much less) than twice as long as mid- 

 dle toe without claw. 



a Ptiloscelys Bonaparte, Compt. Rend., xliii, 1856, 419 (type, by monotypy, Vanellus 

 resplendens Tschudi). — Ptiloscelis (emendation) Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xxiv 

 1896, 137. (Pacific coast of South America; monotypic.) 



b Oreopholus Jardine and Selby, Illustr. Orn., iii, 1835, pi. 151 (type, by original 

 designation and monotypy, . teiiuirostris iaxdiuQ and iielhy = Charadrius niftcollis 

 Wagler). OreopMlus (emendation) Agassiz, Nom. Zool., Aves, 1842, 53. — Dromicus 

 Lesson, Echo du Monde Savant, April 4, 1844, col. 616 (type, by original designa- 

 tion and monotypy,!). lessoniLesson=Charadriusru/icollis'W2iglei). (Southern South 

 America; monotypic.) 



