BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 69 



broadly margined with gray or grayish white, the posterior scapulars 

 with a greater or less number of large l^lotches or irregular spots of 

 cinnamon-rufous and with a subterminul })ar or transverse spot and 

 mesial streak of black; wmg-co verts and tertials brownish gray, 

 darker centrally; secondaries brownish gray tipped with white, the 

 innermost (proximal) ones mostly white; primary coverts grayish 

 black or dusky, tipped with white; primaries similar but becoming 

 more grayish proximaUy and white basally; rump dusky, tlie feathers 

 narrowly margined \\ith paler (grayish or whitish); upper tail-coverts 

 and basal portion of tail \\'hite, this increasing in extent on lateral 

 rectrices, the distal portion of tail dusky grajash 0>lackish on middle 

 rectrices) narrowly margmed at tip with whitish; under parts of body 

 white, the chest and breast tmged with pale brownish gray and 

 heavily marked with broad crescentic or V-shaped bars of black, the 

 sides and flanks with more scattered broad V-shaped, sagittate, or 

 subcordate markings of blackish, the mider tail-coverts with narrower, 

 more cmieate streaks of the same; axiUars and greater part of mider- 

 wing-coverts immaculate white, the coverts near edge of wing grayish 

 dusky mai-gmed with white, the under primary coverts pale gray 

 margined with white; under surface of primaries white basally, shad- 

 ing into ])rowiiish gray distally; biU black terminally, the maxilla 

 brownish and mandible light yellowish ln'o\\ai (orange in life ?) basally; 

 iris dark brown, the naked e^^ehds black; legs and feet olive-green 

 or ])luish green (in life). 



(In midsummer black greatl}^ predominates on mterscapulars, 

 and the cinnamon-rufous markings on scapulars fade into pale buffy.) 



Winter plumage. — ^General color of head, neck, chest, and upper 

 parts plain brownish gray (l^etween mouse gray and hair brown), 

 shghtly paler on foreneck, the pileum (at least the cro^\^l) broadly 

 and more or less distmctly streaked with dusky, the scapulars and 

 interscapulars with more or less distmct shaft-streaks of dusky, the 

 neck (all roimd) and upper chest with narrow dusky streaks (some- 

 times obsolete below), the lower chest M'ith more or less distinct 

 tran verse spots of dusky; a supra-loral spot (on each side of forehead), 

 chin, and throat, white, sparsely and minutely flecked with dusky; 

 underparts of body white, the breast, sides and flanks with more or 

 less numerous streaks or spots (usually both) of dusky grayish, of 

 variable size and form; otherwise, like summer adults. 



Young. — -Much like winter adults but scapulars, interscapulars, and 

 wing-coverts margined terminally with whitish, these whitish margins 

 immediately preceded by a submarginal U-shaped line of dusky, the 

 whitish margins broader on wing coverts; head and neck streaked 

 with pale gray or whitish, feathers of chest broadly margmed with 

 whitish, the breast and sides with rather small, subcordate spots of 

 light brownish gray. 



