BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 45 



ARENARIA INTERPRES INTERPRES (Linnaeus). 



TURNSTONE. 



Adult male in breezing plum'age. — A large spot at lateral base of bill, 

 occupying greater part of loral region, a broad superciliary stripe 

 (continued across fore part of crown, thus uniting the two of opposite 

 sides), termind portion of auricular region, posterior portion of sides 

 of neck, chin, throat, and under parts posterior to chest, but includ- 

 ing median portion of the last, white, the superciUary stripe and post- 

 frontal band usually more or less streaked or flecked with black; a 

 narrow band extending from base of culmen to anterior portion of 

 eye, posterior portion of loral region, suborbital region, anterior part 

 of auricular region, malar region, anterior portion of sides of neck, 

 foreneck, upper chest and sides of chest black, all these areas con- 

 fluent; pileum black, more or less broadly streaked with wliite 

 (except sometimes on crown), the hindneck white, usually streaked 

 with black; interscapular region black, usually with a median area 

 (more or less broken) of dull cinnamon-rufous or hazel, the posterior 

 scapulars mostly black, the anterior ones mostly, or in large part, dull 

 cinnamon-rufous or hazel; lesser wing-coverts mostly plain dusky, 

 the middle and greater coverts dusky centrally, broadly margined 

 with pale grayish brown, sometimes intermixed or suffused with 

 cinnamon; a patch of white involving innermost (proximal) wing- 

 coverts and distal elongated posterior scapulars; greater coverts 

 black, narrowly edged and broadly tipped with white; alula, primary 

 coverts, and primaries dull black or dusky, the outer webs of five 

 proximal primaries abruptly wliite basally, the shafts of all the 

 primaries partly or wholly white; secondaries white basally, dusky 

 edged with wliite terminally, the white increasing on innermost ones 

 until finally wholly replacing the dusky; lower back, rump, and lateral 

 and terminal upper tail-coverts immaculate white; central upper 

 tail-coverts black; tail wliite basally, black distally, tipped, more or 

 less broadly, with white; bill blackish; iris brown; legs and feet 

 orange-red (in hfe"*. 



Adult female in sitmmer.— Similar in pattern of coloration to the 

 male, but with much less of cirmamon-rufous (sometimes almost 

 none) on upper parts, and pileum streaked with brownish gray rather 

 than wliite. 



Adults (both sexes) in unnter. — Much Uke the adult female in sum- 

 mer, but without weU-defined white or black areas on head; black 

 of foreneck and chest much broken by whitish tips to the feathers; 

 . pUeum brownish gray, streaked with dusky; back, scapulars, etc., 

 without any cimiamon-rufous, the feathers blackish centrally, 

 brownish gray or grayish brown marginally — the two colors in varjnng 

 relative proportion. 



