

BIRDS OP NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 793 



inner toe conspicuously larger, more strongly curved, and more acute, 

 than the others. 



Nuptial ornaments. — The whole basal portion of the bill covered 

 by accessory deciduous pieces, which are shed after the breeding 

 season, the most conspicuous of these being the nasal cuirass, the basal 

 lamina of maxilla, and the basal portion of the mandible. Coincident 

 with the loss of these accessory pieces of the bill, the tumid rictal 

 rosette becomes much shrunken and changes in color, the conspicuous 

 elongated and decurved yellowish postocular plumes fall out, and the 

 white orbital and loral area (extending to the chin) of breeding adults 

 changes to blackish. 



Coloration. — Plain sooty black above, uniform sooty grayish- 

 brown below; in breeding season, adults with whole of loral and 

 orbital regions white (this extending anteriorly to and including the 

 chin) , and sides of head ornamented by a conspicuous postocular tuft 

 of elongated, decurved, silky, straw-yellow plumes. 



Range. — Coasts and islands of northern Pacific Ocean and Bering 

 Sea, from Lower California to northern Japan. (Monotypic.) 



LUNDA CIRRHATA (Pallas). 



TUFTED PUFFIN. 



Adults in breeding season (sexes alike) . — Upper parts slightly glossy 

 sooty black, passing into uniform dark sooty brown (dark clove 

 brown) on sides of head and neck, the chin, throat and foreneck very 

 slightly lighter passing into deep grayish brown (between fuscous and 

 benzo brown or hair brown) on under parts of body; under wing- 

 coverts uniform deep brownish gray or hair brown; anterior portion of 

 forehead, whole of loral, orbital and rictal regions, and anterior por- 

 tion of malar region and chin, immaculate white; elongated posto- 

 cular tufts naples yellow to cream-buff; distal half (approximately) 

 of bill salmon-red, basal portion light olive-green, the cylindrical 

 ridge more apple green : rictal rosette mostly purplish flesh color, the 

 narrow line of skin between base of bill and feathering of head, rictus, 

 part of the rosette, and naked e3^e.lid vermilion red ; iris creamy white ; 

 legs and feet bright salmon-red, the soles reddish brown, claws black." 

 Winter adults. — Sides of head wholly dusky, but lighter in region 

 of insertion of nuptial plumes, which are wholly absent; horny nasal 

 cuirass, basal lamina, and other deciduous parts covering basal half 

 of bill absent and replaced by dusky brown membrane; otherwise 

 as in summer, but legs and feet paler red. 



Young in first winter. — Similar to winter adults, but maxilla with- 

 out grooves, the terminal portion of bill inclining to brownish orange- 



o Stejneger, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus.. no. 29, 1885, 44. 



