BIEDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 231 



as wing, truncate or very slightly rounded, the middle pair of rectricea 

 not projecting beyond the rest; rectrices 12, rounded at tip, except 

 middle pair which are more narrowly rounded or obtusely pointed 

 at tip. Tarsus shorter than exposed culmen, about one-fifth as long 

 as wing, continuously scutellate anteriorly and posteriorly; middle 

 toe, with claw, about four-fifths as long as tarsus; lateral toes de- 

 cidedly shorter than middle toe, the outer shghtly longer than the 

 inner, all with a wide lateral margin, and connected at extreme 

 base by a very small web (practically cleft to base). 



Coloration. — Above grayish, variegated with blackish streaks and 

 longitudinal spots of blackish; underparts mostly white, in summer 

 mostly cmnamon-buff (G. canutus) or heavily spotted with blackish 

 (C. tenuirostris); upper tail-coverts white, more or less spotted or 

 barred with blackish. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES OF CANUTUS. 



a. Wing less than 180, exposed culmen less than 40 mm.; shafts of primaries not 

 Avholly pure white basally; summer adults with under parts mostly buffy 

 cinnamon, the chest not spotted with black. (Northern hemispRere, breeding 



northward.) Canutus canutus (p. 231). 



aa. Wing 180 or more, exposed culmen 40 or more mm.; shafts of primaries wholly 

 pure white basally; summer adults with underparts white, the chest heavily 

 spotted with black. (Eastern Siberia, southward in winter to Malay Archi' 

 pelago and Australia.) Canutus tenuirostris (extralimital).o 



CANUTUS CANUTUS (Linnaeus). 



KNOT. 



Adult male in summer. — Above light gray, pale cinnamon-rufous, 

 and black, these colors varying in relative extent,^ the black in form 

 of streaks on the pileum and hindneck and broader, more or less 

 cuneate, central spots on back and scapulars; rump pale gray with 

 lunulate markings and bars of dusky, the upper tail-coverts white, 

 irregularly barred and transversely spotted with dusky or blackish; 

 wing-coverts light gray, darker centrally and with dusky shaft- 

 streaks and paler (sometimes whitish) narrow margins, the greater 



« Totanus tenuirostris Ilorsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc, xiii, 1821, 192 (Java;=young, 

 fide Mathews, Birds Australia, iii, 277). — Tringa tenuirostris Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. 

 Soc. Lond., 1863, 315 (Shanghai, China). — Anteliotringa tenuirostris Mathews, Birds 

 Australia, iii, pt. 3, Aug. 18, 1913, 275. — Tringa a-assirostris Temminck and Schlegel, 

 Fauna Japonica, Aves, 1847, 107, pi. 64; Seebohm, Geog. Distr. Charadriidae, 1887, 

 pp. XXV, 421; Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xxiv, 1896, 600. — Schceniclus magnus 

 Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1848, 39 (Australia); Birds Australia, ^•i, 1848, pi. 33 

 and text.— Tringa magna Bonaparte, Compt. Rend., xliii, 1856, 596. — Canutus 

 magmis Mathews, Birds Australia, iii, pt. 3, Aug. 18, 1913, pi. [164] facing p. 275. 



^ Usually the gray predominates, but in some midsummer specimens tJie hlacU- 

 pre vails. 



