BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 183 



outer and middle toes distinct, extending for haK or more the length 

 of basal phalanges; no web between inner and middle toes. 



Coloration. — Very diverse, no two species being closely similar, but 

 summer adults with under parts buffy or cinnamomeous (with or 

 without dusky bars), and tail barred or else blackish with basal 

 portion of lateral rectrices white. 



Range. — Northern hemisphere, visiting southern hemisphere during 

 migration. (Three species.) 



KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF VETOLA. 



a. Tail distinctly barred; axillars and under vnng-coverts pale cinnamon or white. 

 6. Upper tail-coverts pale cinnamon barred with Ijlackish; axillars and under 

 wing-coverts cinnamon-rufous. (North America, southward in winter.) 



Vetola fedoa (p. 184). 



hh. Upper tail-coverts white, spotted with dusky; axillars and under wing-coverts 



white, irregularly marked with dusky. {Vetola lapponica.) 



c. Rump white, marked with broad acuminate streaks of dusky; head, neck, and 



under parts deep cinnamon in summer plumage. (Northern Europe and 



Asia.) Vetola lapponica lapponica (extralimital).a 



cc. Rump dusky, the feathers margined with white; head, neck, and under parts 

 paler cinnamon in summer adults. (Shores of North Pacific Ocean, in 

 eastern Sil)eria, Kamchatka, and western Alaska, migrating southward 

 through Japan and China to Malay Archipelago, Australia, New Zealand, 



etc.) Vetola lapponica baueri (p. 187). 



aa. Tail not barred (uniform black, with white base and tip); axillars and most of 

 under -wing-coverts uniform dusky. (North America, chiefly east of Rocky 

 Mountains; South America in migration.) Vetola haemastica (p. 191). 



a [Scolopax] lapponica Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 147 (Lapland); ed. 12, 

 i, 1766, 246. — Limicula lapponica Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat., iii, 1816, 250. — 

 L[imosa] lapponica Gray, Gen. Birds, iii, 1849, 570. — Limosa lapponica Hailing, 

 Handb. Brit. Birds, 1872, 53; Dresser, Birds Europe, viii, 1872, 203, pis. 573, 574; 

 Poynting, Eggs Brit. Birds, pt. 4, 1896, 231, pi. 49 (eggs); Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. 

 Mus., xxiv, 1896, 373. — [Limosa lapponica] a lapponica Baird, Brewer, and 

 Ridgway, Water Birds N. Am., i, 1884, 254. — Limosa lapponica lapponica Amer- 

 ican Ornithologists' Union, Check List, 3rd ed., 1910, 119. — [Scolopax] segocephala 

 Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 147 (s. Europe); ed. 12, i, 17G6, 24G. —Totanus 

 aegocephalus Bechstein, Om. Taschenb., ii, 1803, 288. — Limosa segocephala Leach, 

 Syst. Cat. Mam. and Birds Brit. Mus., 1816, 32. — Limosa leucophsea Latham, Index 

 Orn., ii, 1790, 719 (Europe, Africa, rare in England). — Totanus leucophaeus Bechstein, 

 Om. Taschenb., ii, 1803, 289. — Totanus ferrugineus Meyer and Wolf, Taschenb., 

 ii, 1810, 374 (Germany, Lapland, and Hudson Bay). — Limosa fcrruginea Pallas, Zoogr. 

 Russo-Asiat., ii, 1826, 180. — Limosa meyeri Leisler, Nachtr. Bechst. Naturg., ii, 1813, 

 172. — Limicula meyeri Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat., iii, 1816, 249 (n. Europe). — 

 Fedoa meyeri Stephens, Shaw's Gen. Zool., xii, pt. i, 1824, 75. — Limosa noveboracensis 

 Leach, Syst. Cat. Mam. and Birds Brit. Mus., 1816, 32 (Kent). — Fedoa pectoralis 

 Stephens, Shaw's Gen. Zool., xii, pt. i, 1824, 79 (Devon and Cornwall). — Limosa 

 rufa (not Totanus rufus Bechstein, 1809) Naumann, Vog. Deutschl., \dii, 1836, 446; 

 xiii, 18—, 246; Macgillivray, Hist. Brit. Birds, iv, 1852, 260; Yarrell, Hist. Brit. Birds, 

 ed. 2, ii, 1845, 641; ed. 3, ii, 1856, 688; Gould, Birds Great Brit., iv, 1868, pi. 51 and 

 text; Seebohm, Geog. Distr. Charadriidse, 1887, pp. xxiv, 384. — Totanus rufus 

 Seebohm, Hist. Brit. Birds, iii, 1885, 156. 



