BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 185 



Young. — Essentially like winter adults, but the cinnamon-buff 

 or cinnamon color deeper. 



Adult male.— Wmg, 221-228 (225.4); tail, 77.5-95 (82.9); exposed 

 culmen, 92-119 (100.3); tarsus, 67-75 (69.4); middle toe, 33-37 

 (35.4). « 



Adult female. —Wing, 212-234 (224.1); tail, 79-89 (83.4); exposed 

 culmen, 88.5-117.5 (104.8); tarsus, 67-76.5 (71.4); middle toe, 

 36-40 (38.3).^ 



Temperate North America, chiefly interior districts; breeding from 

 valley of the Saskatchewan, Manitoba (plains of Souris River; near 

 Winnipeg), etc., southward to North Dakota (formerly to Iowa, 

 Wisconsin, and northern Ohio) ; during migration (occasionally or 

 formerly, at least) near Atlantic coast as far northward as Maine 

 (Portland), Prince Edward Island, and southern shores of Hudson 

 Bay, and on Pacific coast as far as Vancouver Island; wintering from 

 Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, and southern Lower California south- 

 ward to Cuba, Porto Rico, and Grenada, and through Mexico (Mata- 

 moros, Tamaulipas; Cozumel Island and Merida, Yucatan; Guan- 

 ajuato; Valley of Mexico; Mazatldn, Sinaloa; San Mateo, Oaxaca), 

 Guatemala (Chiaptoi), British Honduras (Belize), etc., to Ecuad6r 

 (Santa Rosa) and Peru (Santa Lucia); accidental in Alaska and 

 Bermuda? 



[Scolopaxjfedoa Linn^us, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 14G (Hudson Bay; based on 

 Greater American Godwit, Fedoa americana Edwards, Nat. Hist., 137; Limosa 

 americana rufa Brisson, Orn., v, 287); ed. 12, i, 1766, 244. — Gmelin, Syst. 

 Nat., i, pt. ii, 1789, 663.— Latham, Index Orn., ii, 1790, 718.— Turton, Syst. • 

 Nat., i, 1806, 398. 



Scolopax fedoa Wilson, Am. Orn., vii, 1813, 30, pi. 56, fig. 4. — Bonaparte, 

 Joum. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., v, 1825, 75 (crit.). 



Limicula fedoa Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat., iii, 1816, 248. 



Limosa fedoa Sabine, in Franklin's Polar Sea, 1823, 689. — Ord, ed. Wilson's Am. 

 Om., vii, 1824, 30.— Bonaparte, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. PHla., v, 1825, 75; 

 Obs. Nomencl. Wilson's Am. Orn., 1826, [157]; Ann. Lye. N. Y., ii, 1826, 

 328; Geog. an4 Comp. List, 1838, 52. — Swainson and- Richardson, Fauna 

 Bor.-Am., ii, 1831, 395 (Saskatchewan plains). — Lesson, Traits d'Om., 

 1831, 554.— NuTTALL, Man. Orn. U. S. and Can., Water Birds, 1834, 173.— 

 Audubon, Om. Biog., iii, 1835, 287, pi. 238; v, 1839, 590; Synopsis, 1839, 

 246; Birds Am., 8vo ed., v, 1842, 331, pi. 348.— Townsend, Joum. Ac. Nat. 



c Five specimens. ^ Eight specimens. 



Some of the specimens measured (at least among the supposed females) are 

 evidently wrongly eexed. According to Dr. Thomas S. Roberts (Bull. Nutt. Orn. 

 Club, V, 1880, 18) there is a marked difference in size between the sexes, five 

 specimens of each sex measuring, before being skinned, as follows: 



Five males: Total length, 419.1-447.5 (431.8); extent of wings, 774-800.1 (789.9; 

 "bill" (exposed culmen?), 93-101.6 (97.5). 



Five females: Total length, 460.25-498.33 (485.03); extent of wings, 812.8-860.3 

 (833.63; "bill" (exposed culmen?), 115.31-128.52 (121.31). 



The original measurements were in inches and hundredths. 



