BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 257 



Range. — Northern Hemisphere (more southerly in migration). 

 (Monotypic.) 



KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF PELIDN'A ALPINA. 



a. Averaging smaller, with relatively shorter bill and tarsus (wing 104-114, averaging, 

 107.4, in male, 103-117, averaging 110.9, in female; exposed culmen 26-31, 

 averaging 28.6, in male, 26.5-36.5, averaging 32.5, in female; tarsus 21-24, 

 averaging 23.1, in male, 22-25, averaging 23.5, in female); coloration duller, the 

 summer adult with dorsal region variegated with black and dull ochraceous 

 or buffy, and blackish of abdomen not in abrupt contrast with speckled or other- 

 wise variegated dull grayish of breast. (Europe and western Asia; southern 

 Greenland; casual on west shore of Hudson Bay.) Pelidna alpina alpina(p. 257). 



aa. Averaging larger, with relatively longer bill and tarsus (wing 108.5-125.5, averaging 

 115.9, in male, 114-125, averaging 177.4, in female; exposed culmen 31-41, 

 averaging 35.6, in male, 34-42, averaging 38. 3, in female; tarsus 23-28, averaging 

 25.2, in male, 25-27, averaging 26, in female); coloration brighter, summer 

 adults with dorsal region bright orange-cinnamon variegated with black, the 

 black of abdomen abruptly contrasted with the nearly immaculate grayish 

 white of bre.ist. (North America and northeastern A-ia.) 



Pelidna alpina sakhalina (p. 262). 



PELIDNA ALPINA ALPINA (Linns3us.) 



DUNLIN. 



Adults in summer (sexes ahke). — Pileum streaked with wood brown 

 and dusk}^ (the latter usually predominating) ; hindneck dull grayish 

 white, tinged with wood brown and streaked with dusky; scapulars 

 and interscapulars black centrally, broadly margined with cinnamon 

 or cinnamon-brown, the cinnamomeous margins broadest on scapulars, 

 the black predominating on interscapulars; wing-coverts brownish 

 gray, narrowly but distinctly margined with grayish white, the 

 greater coverts tipped with white; primary coverts and remiges 

 dusky, the secondaries narrowly tipped, or terminally margined, with 

 white, the proximal primaries edged with white basally; rump 

 grayish brown, the feathers with indistinct narrow shaft-streaks of 

 dusky and very indistinct, narrow, paler terminal margins; median 

 upper tail-coverts dark grayish brown or dusky, the lateral coverts 

 immaculate white; middle pair of rectrices dusky, edged on distal 

 portion of outer webs with paler; rest of tail pale brownish gray, the 

 rectrices narrowly edged with white or grayish white; sides of head 

 and neck dull grayish white narrowly streaked with dusky, the sub- 

 orbital and auricular regions tinged with brown; chin, throat, fore- 

 neck, chest, and breast dull white streaked (except on chin and 

 extreme upper throat) with dusky, the streaks becoming gradually 

 larger and more sharply defined on chest and breast, where some- 

 times spot-like; abdomen more or less clouded with dull black, this 

 often forming a large, well-defined area, broken only by narrow whit- 

 ish tips to some of the feathers; sides, flanks, and under tail-covcrts 



40017— 19— Bull. 50, pt 8 IS 



