BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 291 



longer upper tail-coverts and middle pair of rectrices black, the 

 lateral longer upper tail-coverts white; other rectrices pale brownish 

 gray with shafts mostly white, their inner we^bs fading into whitish 

 basally; anterior and lateral portions of forehead dull white to pale 

 cinnamon-rufous; loral, suborbital, auricular and malar regions, 

 throat, foreneck, and sides of neck light cinnamon-rufous or orange- 

 cinnamon, paler (sometimes whitish) on chin, the sides of neck 

 usually (sometimes lower foreneck also) narrowly streaked with 

 dusky; rest of under parts white, for the greater part immaculate, 

 but chest (at least upper portion) more or less streaked (narrowly) 

 or longitudinally flecked with dusky; axillars and most of under 

 wing-coverts immaculate white, the coverts along edge of wing 

 brownish gray margined with white, the under primary coverts very 

 pale brownish gray broadly tipped with white; bill and feet blackish; 

 iris brown. 



Adult female in summer. — Similar to the adult male and not 

 always distinguishable, but usually with the cinnamon-rufous of 

 head and neck somewhat paler and more restricted. 



Winter plumage. — Above light brownish graj^, the pileum, back, 

 and scapulars mesially streaked (usually narrowly) with black; 

 wings and tail as in summer adults; forehead (at least laterally)' 

 rictal, suborbital, and malar regions and entire under parts im- 

 maculate white, the sides of chest grayish. 



Young. — General color of upper parts pale brownish gray, the 

 crown and occiput broadly streaked with dusky and tinged with 

 pale brown; scapulars and interscapulars black centrally, margined 

 with pale brown, the exterior and posterior scapulars margined 

 terminally with white; wings as in adults but general color slightly 

 more brownish gray; anterior and lateral portions of forehead, 

 suborbital and malar regions, and under parts immaculate white, 

 the chest (except median portion) shaded with pale brownish gray 

 and indistinctly streaked laterally with dusky. 



Downy young. — Forehead and sides of head light brownish buff 

 or vinaceous-buff, fading into dull white on chin and throat; a narrow 

 loral streak of black, from near base of bill to anterior angle of eye 

 (broadest anteriorly) ; a median black streak on posterior half of fore- 

 head, and an indistinct auricular spot of dusk}^; crown and occiput 

 mixed black and light snuff brown, the latter with a few irregular 

 spots of huffy v.'hitish; back, rump, etc. mixed black and snuff brown, 

 spangled with dull huffy whitish; under parts immaculate huffy 

 white, the chest shaded with pale brownish gray. 



Adult inale.— Wing, 91.5-101 (97.3); tail, 39-47.5 (43.1); exposed 

 culmen, 16-17 (16.4); tarsus, 17.5-19 (18.3); middle toe, 14-16 (15.2).« 



a Ten specimens. 



