BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 



533 



grayish black (blackish fuscous or fuscous-black to chsetura black, 

 varying, rarely, to deep purple-gray); under tail-coverts and anal 

 region immaculate white; back and scapulars, rump, upper tail- 

 coverts, tail, and wings deep neutral gray or purple-gray, the wings 

 somewhat lighter (neutral gray); edge of wing, from body to carpo- 

 metacarpal joint, white; axillars and under wing-coverts light neutral 

 gray; bill black, the rictus purplish red (in life); interior of mouth 

 lavender pink (in life); iris dark brown; legs and feet dusky livid 

 purplish (in life). 



Adults in winter. — Head, neck, and under parts white, the orbital 

 and auricular regions dusky, the crown and occiput dark grayish, 

 the feathers margined witli paler; upper parts (except as described) 

 as in summer. 



Young. — Similar to winter adults, but scapulars, interscapulars, 

 and tertials tipped with light huffy brownish, anterior lesser wing- 

 coverts dusky, crown, occiput, and nape dusky, and sides and flanks 

 washed or tinged with gray. 



Downy young. — Upper parts light ssijol brown, snulT ])rown, or 

 verona brown, the rump with large irregular spots of blackish, the 

 back and occiput usually with similar but much smaller markings; 

 under parts paler brown becoming much paler (sometimes ckdl 

 whitish) on chest; sides of head, including lores (sometimes also 

 anterior portion of forehead, sometimes onl}^ the loral and orbital 

 regions) dull whitish or very pale brownish. 



Adult male.— Wing, 192-213 (203.2); tail, 73-87.5 (79.8); exposed 

 culmen, 26-29.5 (27); tarsus, 14.5-16 (15.4); middle toe, 15-16- 

 (15.6).« 



Adult female.—Wmg, 191-215 (199.6); tail, 73.5-82 (77.8); ex- 

 posed culmen, 25.5-27 (26.2); tarsus, 14-16.5 (15.6); middle toe, 

 14.5-16.5 (15.5). « 



a Ten specimens. 



I ' 



