452 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



ones dusky passing into white at tips; under parts entirely immac- 

 ulate white; bill, legs, and feet dull or dusky reddish. 



Downy young. — Upper parts pale grayish buff irregularly and rather 

 sparsely mottled with blacldsh; under parts immaculate wliite. 



Adult m,ale.—Wmg, 350-401 (381.7); tail, 116-134 (124.3); culmen, 

 63-72 (68.1); greatest depth of bill, 26.5-29.5 (28.1); tarsus, 31-34.5 

 (32.9); middle toe, 22-24 (22.6). « 



Adult female.— Wing, 338-358 (346); tail, 101.5-110.5 (106.6); cul- 

 men, 52-57 (55); greatest depth of bill, 22-24 (22.9); tarsus, 25-29 

 (27.6); middle toe, 18-19 (18.4).^ 



Breeding along Atlantic and Gulf coasts of United States, from 

 New Jersey (Little Egg Harbor, Long Beach, Brigantine Beach), 

 formerly (up to 1832) northward to Muskeget Island, Massachusetts, 

 to Texas; migrating southward to eastern Nicaragua (Los »Sabalos), 

 coast of British Guiana, coast of Venezuela (Margarita Island), Trini- 

 dad, and coast of northeastern Brazil (Ilha Grande; Rio Sao Fran- 

 cisco); \\dntering northward to Gulf coast of United States; casual, 

 usually after storms at sea, northward to Bay of Fundy, and inland 

 near Whitesboro, Oneida County, New York, fall of 1893; Washing- 

 ton, District of Columbia; Chester, South Carolina, Sept. 10, 1882; 

 Obion County, Tennessee; casual or occasional in Cuba and St. Croix. 

 [Rynchops] nigra Linn^us, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 1.38 (coast of South Caro- 

 • Una; based on The Cut Water Catesby, Nat. Hist. Carolina, i, 1731, 90, pi. 90; 

 etc.); ed. 12, i, 1766, 228.— Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. ii, 1789, 611. 

 Rynchops nigra Brewer, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, iv, 1879, 243 (Woods Hole, 

 Massachusetts, 1 spec, Aug. 19, 1879). — American Ornithologists' Union, 

 Check List, 1886, and 2nd ed., 1895, no. 80; 3rd ed., 1910, p. 48.— Bagg, 

 Auk, xi, 1894, 162 (near ^^^litesboro, Oneida Co., New York, 1 spec, fall of 

 1893).— Cory, Auk, v, 1888, 74 (Cuba; St. Croix; West Indian references); 

 Birds West Ind., 1889, 275.— Schick, Auk, vii, 1890, 327 (Seven Mile Beach, 

 New Jersey, breeding). — Bagg, Auk, xi, 1894, 162 (near WTiitesboro, Oneida 

 Co., New York, 1 spec, fall of 1893).— Rhoads, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 

 1895, 466 (Obion Co., Tennessee, 1 spec). — Robinson, Proc U. S. Nat. 

 Mus., xviii, 1895, 654 (Margarita I., Venezuela, summer; habits). — Beyer, 

 Proc. La. Soc Nat. for 1897-99 (1900), 87 (coast Louisiana, resident). 

 E[ynchops] nigra Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Birds, 1887, 49. 



[Rhynchops] nigra Latham, Index Orn., ii, 1790, 802. — Coues, Key N. Am. 

 Birds, 1872, 324.— Sclater and Salvin, Norn. Av. Neotr., 1873, 147.— Cory, 

 List Birds, West Ind., 1885, and revised ed., 1886, 33 (Cuba; St. Croix?).— 

 Sharpe, Hand-list, i, 1899, 138. — Forbes and Robinson, Bull. Liverp. 

 Mus., ii, no. 2, 1899, 56. 

 Rhynchops nigra Wilson, Am. Orn., vii, 1813, 85, pi. 60, fig. 4. — Ni'ttall, Man. 

 Orn. U. S. and Can., Water Birds, 1834, 616.— Audubon, Orn. Biog., iv, 

 1838, 203; Synopsis, 1839, 314; Birds Am., 8vo. ed., vii, 1844, 67, pi. 428.— 

 Bonaparte, Geog. and Comp. List, 1838, 60.— Gerhardt, Naumannia, iv, 

 1854, 193 (n. Florida). — Lawrence, in Baird, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 

 1858, 866; Ann. Lye. N. Y., viii, 1866, 299 (vicinity New York City).— Baird, 

 Rep. U. S. and Mex. Bound. Surv., ii, pt. ii, 1859, 28 (Brazos, Texas); Cat. 

 N. Am. Birds, 1859, no. 697.— Gundlach, Journ. fiir Orn., 1859, 348 (Cuba); 



o Ten specimens. ^ Four specimens. 



