344 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



neck white more or less tinged or suffused with pale brownish gra}', 

 narrowly but distinctly streaked with dusky, the loral region with 

 dusky predominating, at least anteriorly and next to eye; sometimes 

 nearly uniform dusky; chin, throat, foreneck, and rem.aining under 

 parts wliite, the chin and throat longitudinally flecked, the foreneck 

 broadly streaked, the chest and breast (sometimes upper abdomen 

 also) longitudinally spotted with dusky, the sides, flanks, and under 

 tail-coverts irregularly barred with the same; lower abdomen and 

 anal region sometimes nearly immaculate white, but usualty m^ore or 

 less distinctly spotted or flecked with dusky; axillars and under 

 wing-coverts white, more or less barred, irregularly and narrowly, 

 with dusky but sometimes nearly immaculate except the coverts near 

 edge of wing; bill dusky terminally, reddish or brownish basally, 

 especially on mandible; iris dark brown; legs and feet pale brownish 

 (orange-red in life). 



Wintfr plumage. — Pileum, hindneck, back, scapulars, and tertials 

 plain brownish gray, or with the blackish markings of the summei 

 plumage very slightly indicated, the posterior scapulars, etc., some- 

 times narrowl}^ margined with white terminally; under parts with 

 much fewer dusky markings, the chin, throat, breast, abdomen, and 

 anal region mostly (sometimes wholly) immaculate white, the fore- 

 neck and chest narrowly streaked with dusky or grayish; other^'ise 

 as in summer. 



Young. — Somewhat hke winter adults, but general color of upper 

 parts darker, the pileum and nape streaked with dusky, the scapulars 

 and interscapulars rather broadly margined with pale brownish 

 buffy, the wing-coverts margined and spotted with buffy and whitish. 



Downy young. — "Reddish above, longitudinally streaked with 

 black ; the sides of the crown and sides of the face buff, with a black line 

 through the eye; the center of the crown rufous, with a median line 

 of black, the nape and hindneck for the most part black; down the 

 back a central line of black, mesially mottled with buff, and on each 

 side of the back a broad line of pale buff intersected by a line of 

 black. "« 



Adult male.— Wing, 148-159 (152.9); tail, 62.5-69 (65); exposed 

 culmen, 39.5-46.5 (42.7); tarsus, 45-51 (47.6); middle toe, 28-30 

 (28.7).'' 



Adult female.— Wing, 144-160 (153); tail, 57-63 (62.7); exposed 

 culmen, 39-45 (42.1); tarsus, 43-51 (46.8); middle toe, 26.5-28.5 

 (27.7).'= 



Breeding throughout Europe (including Iceland), and eastward 

 to eastern Siberia; migrating southward to southern Africa, India, 

 Burma, and Malay Archipelago (Borneo; Java; Celebes; Sumatra; 



a Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xxiv, 418, 419. 



b Ten specimens, from Europe. c Seven specimens, from Europe. 



