BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 463 



Vog., 1824, 680.— Stephens, in Shaw's Gen. Zool., xiii, pt. 1, 1825, 146.— 

 Werner, Atlas, Palmipedes, 1828, pi. 2. — Audouin, Hist. Nat. Egypte, 1826, 

 pi. 9, fig. 1; in Expl. Sonnini, 2d ed., 1828, 416.— Lesson, Traite d'Orn., 

 1831, 622.— Selby, Brit. Birds, ii, 1833, 463.— Jenyns, Man. Brit. Yertebr., 

 1835, 264.— Eyton, Cat. Brit. Birds. 1836, 54.— Gould, Birds Europe, v, 1837, 

 pi. 414 and text.— Naumann, Vcig. Deutschl., x, 1840, 18, pi. 248.— ScniNz, 

 Eur. Faun., i, 1840, 370.— Macgii.livray, Man. Brit. Birds, pt. ii, 1842, 230.— 

 Selys-Longchamps, Faune Beige, 1842, 149. — Yarrell, Brit. Birds, iii,*1843, 

 385; ed.2, iii, 1845, 493.— Schleoel, Rev. Crit.,1844, p. cxxviii; Vog. Nederl., 

 1854, 612, pi. 360; Dier. Xederl. Vogels, 1861, 241; Mus. Pays-Bas, vi, no. 24, 

 1864, 13.— Hewitson, Eggs Brit. Birds, ii, 1846, 421, pi. 97.— Reichenbach, 

 Natatores, 1848, pi. 18, figs. 258-260.— Degland, Orn. Eur., ii, 1849, 337.— 

 Kjaerbolling, Danm. Fugle. 1852, 326, pi. 40A; Suppl., 1854, pi. 20, figs. 

 1, 2.— Baird, in Stansbury's Rep. Expl. Great Salt Lake, 1852, 335 (Atlantic 

 coast United States); Cat. N. Am. Birds, 1859, no. 682. — Hartlaub, Cm. 

 W.-Afr., 1857, 253 (Gambia); Fauna Madag., 1861, 85 (Madagascar); Vog. 

 Madag., 1877, 382.— Lawrence, in Baird. Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 1858, 

 859. — Linderjiayer, Vog. Griechenl., 1860, 81. — Verrill, Proc. Essex Inst., 

 iii, 1862, 161 (Maine).— Radde, Reis. Sibir., Vog., 1863, 388.— Blakiston, 

 Ibis, 1863, 153 (Mackenzie River).— Salvadori, Ucc. Sard., 1865, 120.— 

 Layard, Birds S. Africa, 1867, 269. — Degland and Gerbe, Orn. Eur., ii, 

 1867, 448. — Elwes and Buckley, Ibis, 1870, 337 (coast Albania; breeding 

 on marshes of DobrudschaV — Homeyer, Journ. fiir Orn., 1870, 438 (e. 

 Siberia).— FiNSCH,'journ. fiir Orn., 1870, 364 (New Zealand); 1872, 253 (New 

 Zealand). — Finsch and Hartlaub. Vog. Ost-Afr., 1870, 826. — Gurney, in 

 Andersson's Birds Damara-Land, 1872, 359; Zoologist, 1887, 457 (England). — 

 Harting, Handb. Brit. Birds, 1872, 167.— Shelley, Birds Egypt, 1872,296.— 

 Heuglin, Orn. N. O.-Afr., Bd. ii, pt. 2, 1873, 1434.— Palmen, Finlands Fogl., 

 1873, 564.— Brooke, Ibis, 1873, 345 (Sardinia).— Coues, Check List, 1873, 

 no. 591; 2d ed., 1882, no. 793; Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, viii, 1883, 62 (Cincin- 

 nati, Ohio, 3 specs., Oct. 9, 1882; Little Miami River, Ohio, Oct. 15).— 

 Saunders, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1876, 656 (monogr.). — Dresser, Birds 

 Europe, viii, 1877, 289, pi. 584.— Sennetf,^ Bull. U. S. Geol. & Geog. Surv. 

 Terr., iv, 1878, 65 (Galveston, Texas).— TA\a.OR, Ibis, 1878, 374 (Port Said 

 and Damietta, Egypt).— Henshaw, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, iv, 1879, 243 

 (Cobbs Island, Virginia, breeding; descr. downy young). — Boardman, Bull. 

 Nutt. Orn. Club, v, 1880, 64 (Lake Jesup, Florida, MarchV — Ridgway, Bull. 

 Nutt. Orn. Club, v, 1880, 221 (Cobbs Island, Virginia, breeding; descr. nest 

 and eggs); Nom. N. Am. Birds, 1881, no. 680. — Legge, Birds Ceylon, 

 1880, 1008.— Pearsall, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vi, 1881, 63 (Cobbs 

 Island, Virginia, breeding; descr. nest and eg<j:s). — Nelson, Cruise of 'Cor- 

 win,' in 1881 (1883), 109 (mouth of Yukon River, rare; not north of St. 

 Michael's Alaska). — Milne-Edwards and C{kandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag., 

 Ois., 1882, 650. — Seebohm, Ibis, 1882, 230 (Seal Islands, Caspian Sea, breed- 

 ing); Hist. Brit. Birds, iii, 1885, 268. — British Ornithologists' Union, 

 List Brit. Birds, 1883, 182.— Shelley, Ibis, 1883, 562 (Bonny River, w. 

 Africa). — Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Water Birds N. Am., ii, 1884, 

 280.— Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, 1884, 703; Rep. Voy. 'Alert,' 

 1884, 28.— Dutcher, Auk, i, 1884, 34 (Shinnecock Bay, Long Island, Sept., 

 1882; six specs.). —Turner, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., viii, 1885, 252 (Moose Fac- 

 tory, Ontario). — Saunders, Man. Brit. Birds, 1889, 625. — Reichenow, Syst. 

 Verz. Vog. Deutschl., 1889, 62; Vog. Deutsch. Ost-Afr., 1894, 20.— Lilford, 

 Ibis, 1889, 347 (Cyprus).— Gatke, Vogelw. Helgoland, 1891, 586.— Frivald- 

 SKY, Av. Hung., 1891, 179.— Madar.\sz, Ausst. Ung. Vogelf., 1891, 121.— 



