BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 353 



pointed, the longest primary (outermost) exceeding distal secondaries 

 by about one-half the length of wing; longest tertials with tips taper- 

 ing, obtusely pointed. Tail much more than one-third as long as 

 wing, truncate or slightly rounded, the rectices (12) rather broad, 

 with rounded tips. Tarsus much less than one and a half (only 

 about one and one-sixth) times as long as middle toe with claw, 

 one-fourth as long as wing, scuteUate anteriorly and posteriorly; 

 bare portion of tibia about half as long as middle toe with claw, 

 scutellate before and behind ; lateral toes decidedly shorter than middle 

 toe, the inner decidedly shorter than the outer; a small web between 

 basal phalanges of outer and middle toes, but none between middle 

 and outer toes. 



Coloration. — Deep brownish gray above, more or less flecked or 

 dotted with white; tail barred with white and dusky (upper tail- 

 coverts immaculate white in one species) ; under parts white, 

 streaked with dusky or grayish on foreneck, etc. 



Range. — Northern Hemisphere. (Two species.) 



KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF TRIN'GA. 



a. Upper tail-coverts white, nearly (sometimes quite) immaculate; middle rectrices 

 broadly barred with white. (Northern Europe and Asia, migrating southward; 



accidental in Nova Scotia.) Tringa ocrophus (p. 353). 



aa. Upper tail-coverts dusky, barred with white; middle rectrices dusky, spotted 



along edges with white. {Tringa solitaria.) 



h. Summer adults with upper parts much more distinctly spotted with white; 



young with spotting on upper parts white or grayish white; white bars on tail 



averaging wider, the middle pair of rectrices never (?) wholly grayish brown. 



(Eastern North America; South America, etc., in winter.) 



Tringa solitaria solitaria (p. 358). 

 hh. Summer adults with upper parts much less distinctly spotted with white; 

 young with spotting of upper parts brownish buffy or ciunamomeous; white 

 bars on tail averaging narrower, the middle pair of rectrices often (usually?) 

 wholly deep grayish brown. (Western North America; Mexico, etc., in 

 winter. ) Tringa solitaria cinnamomea (p. 363). 



TRINGA OCROPHUS Linnaeus. 



GREEN SANDPIPER. 



Adults in summer (sexes alike). — Above deep grayish olive or deep 

 grayish brown (nearest chaetura drab), the pileum and hindneck 

 streaked with grayish white, the scapulars, interscapulars, and 

 tertials spotted with dull white, the proximal wing-coverts with 

 much smaller spots of whitish; alula, primary coverts, and primaries 

 plain dusky grayish brown (blackish fuscous or chsetura black), 

 including shafts, that of outermost primary, however, lighter brown ; 

 lower rump and upper tail-coverts immaculate white (the latter 

 occasionally with a few dusky bars) ; tail mostly white, the outermost 

 rectrices entirely white or white only one or two spots of dusky on , 

 distal portion of outer web, the others barred distallj- with dusky 

 40017— 19— Bull. 50, pt 8 24 



