BIKDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 



785 



Adult female.— Wing, 157-168 (162.9); tail, 44-53 (48.8); ciilmen, 

 44-51 (48); greatest depth of bill, 34-40.5 (38); tarsus, 24.5-28 

 (26.2); middle toe, 34.5-39.5 (37).« 



Coasts and islands of northern Atlantic Ocean; breeding from 

 southern Greenland and Ungava to islands in Gulf of St. Lawrence 

 (Mingan and Magdalen islands, Anticosti Island, Bird Rocks), coast 

 of Maine, and on European side to Portugal (Berlengas Rocks) ; in 

 winter southward to Massachusetts, more rarely to Long Island 

 (Suffolk County, Dec. 15, 1882; Montauk, Mar. 30, 1902), eastern 

 Pennsylvania (Delaware River, near Chester, 1876), Azores, Canary 

 Islands, and Mediterranean Sea (Malta; Sardinia; Tunis, Algeria). 



\Alcd] arctica Linn^us, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 130 (Sweden); ed. 12, i, 1766, 

 211. — Gmelin, Syet. Nat., i, pt. ii, 1789, 549. — Latham, Index Orn., ii, 1790, 

 792 (Europe; America).— Bonnaterre, Tabl. Enc. Mat., i, 1790, 31, pi. 10, 

 fig. 3.— Gray, Hand-list, ill, 1871, 96, no. 10775. 



Alca arctica Temminck, Cat. Syst., 1807, 182. — Yarrell, Brit. Birds, iii, 1843, 

 362.— Besnard, Bull. Soc. Zool. Franc, i, 1876, 88. 



Fratercula arctica Leach, Syst. Cat. Mam., etc., Brit. Mus., 1816, 42. — Stephens, 

 Shaw's Gen. Zool., xiii, pt. 1, 1826, 37, pi. 4, fig. 1. — Gray, List Birds Brit. 

 Mus., iii, Anseres, 1844, 132. — Degland, Orn. Eur., ii, 1849, 521. — Reich- 

 ENBACH, Natatores, 1850, pi. 5, figs. 23-25. — Thompson, Nat. Hist. Ireland, 

 iii. Birds, 1851, 221.— Watters, Nat. Hist. Birds Ireland, 1853, 233.— Rein- 

 hardt, Ibis, 1861, 15 (Greenland). — Wright, Ibis, 1864, 157 (Malta). — More, 

 Ibis, 1865, 451 (Great Britain). — Gould, Birds Great Brit., v, 1865, pi. 51 

 and text. — Degland and Gerbe, Orn. Eur., ii, 1867, 608. — Coues, Proc. Ac. 

 Nat. Sci. Phila., 1868, 21 (monogr.); Check List, 1873, no. 618; 2d ed., 1882, 

 no. 854; Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, iii, 1878, 87 (molt of bill).— Collett, Forh. 

 Vid. Selsk. Christiania, 1868, 192. — Turnbull, Birds E. Penn. and N. J., 

 1869, 50.— Droste, Joum. fur Orn., 1869, 353 (Faroe Islands; habits).— 

 Gray (R.), Birds West Scotland, 1871, 433.— Hakting, Handb. Brit. Birds, 



"■ Fourteen specimens. 



Locality. 



MALES. 



Nine adult males from eastern North .\raerica (Labra- 

 dor to New Brunswick) 



Four adult males from southern Greenland 



One adult male from Iceland 



One adult male from Spitzbergen (F. a. niumanni) 



FEMALES. 



Eleven adult females from eastern North -America 



(Labrador to Massachusetts) 



Two adult females from southern Greenland 



One adult female from France 



One adult female from Spitzbergen ( F. a. nau.manni).. 



Wing. 



162.1 

 164.7 

 161.5 

 177 



162.9 

 166 

 157 

 175 



TaU. 



47.4 

 49.4 

 48.5 

 52.5 



48.6 

 48.7 

 52 

 52 



Cul- 

 men. 



49.3 

 50.2 

 5"?. 5 

 55.5 



48 

 49.5 

 45 

 52 



Great- 

 est 

 depth 

 of bill. 



39.4 

 40 

 41.5 

 45.5 



38.2 

 39 

 35.5 

 44 



Tarsus. 



26.3 

 26.2 

 27.5 

 29 



26.1 

 26.5 

 26 

 28 



Middle 

 toe. 



37.2 

 38.6 

 38 

 43 



35.9 

 3&5 

 37 

 42 



40017— 19— Bull, 50, pt 8 ^51 



