786 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



1872, 70.— Brooke, Ibis, 1873, 348 (Sardinia^— Irby, Orn. Gibralt., 1875, 

 218; 2d ed., 1895, 305; Ibis, 1883, 190 (Santander, Spain).— Barrows, Proc. 

 Boat. Soc. N. H., xix, 1877, 153 (monogr.). — Dresser, Birds Europe, viii, 

 1877, 599, pi. 625.— Bureau, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, ii, 1877, pi. 4 (molt of 

 nuptial ornaments); iv, 1879, 8, pi. 1 (molt of nuptial ornaments). — Kum- 

 LiEN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 15, 1879, 103 (Gulf of St. LawTence to Hudson 

 Straits).— RiDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., iii, 1880, 211 (Cat. N. Am. Birds, 

 no. 743; Nom. N. Am. Birds, 1881, no. 743.— Giglioli, Ibis, 1881, 220 

 (Italian records); Avif. Ital., 1886, 444, 561; Resoc. i, Avif. Ital., 1889, 658; 

 Resoc. ii, 1890, 651; Resoc. iii, 1891, 511.— Merriam, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, 

 vii, 1882, 241 (Point de Monts, Quebec; Mingan Islands, breeding). — Stearns 

 and CouES, New Engl. Bird Life, ii, 1883, 394. — Brewster, Proc. Bost. Soc. 

 N. H., xxii, 1883, 406 (Magdalen Islands, Bird Rocks, Anticosti Island, etc., 

 breeding; habits). — Baird, Brewer and Ridgway, Water Birds N. Am., ii, 

 1884, 524.— Seebohm, Hist. Brit. Birds, iii, 1885, 364.— Dixon, Ibis, 1885, 91, 

 361 (St. Kilda).— Saunders, ed. Yarrell's Brit. Birds, iv, 1885, 90; lllustr. 

 Man. Brit. Birds, 1889, 691.— Booth, Rough Notes, iii, pt. xi, 1886, 1, PL- 

 American Ornithologist's Union, Check List, 1886, and 2d ed., 1895, no. 

 13.— Salvadori, Ucc. Ital., 1887, 295.— Tait, Ibis, 1887, 399 (Portugal).— 

 Dutcher, Auk, V, 1888, 171 (Suffolk County, Long Island, Dec. 15, 

 1882).— Brusina, Soc. Hist.-Nat. Croatia, iii, 1888, 140.— Lilford, Col. 

 Figs. Brit. Birds, pt. x, 1889.— Bishop, Auk, vi, 1889, 145 (Magdalen 

 Islands). — Chamberlain, Auk, vi, 1889, 213 (s. Greenland). — Warren, Birds 

 Penn., 1890, 9. — Evans, Ibis, 1891, 83 (incubation period 36 days). — Waldo, 

 Ibis, 1893, 207 (Canary Islands).— Blagg, Ibis, 1893, 358 (Shetland Islands, 

 breeding). — Stone, Birds E. Penn. and N. J., 1894, 40 (Chester, Pennsylvania); 

 Birds New Jersey, 1902, 43 (Chester, Pennsylvania). — Pearson and Bid- 

 well, Ibis, 1894, 237 (Hjemso, Norway). — Schalow, Journ. fiir Orn., 1895, 

 460 (w. Greenland). — Knight, List Birds Maine, 1897, 15 (coast Maine, 

 breeding).— Sharpe, Handb. Birds Great Brit., iv, 1897, 130, pi. 110.— 

 Grant, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xx\t., 1898, 616, part (Labrador; Mingan, 

 Quebec; Bay of Fundy; Sable Island; s. and w. Greenland; etc.). — Chap- 

 man, Bull. Am. Mus. N. H., xii, 1899, 220 (Holsteinborg, Greenland). — 

 Norton, Proc. Portland Soc. N. H., ii, 1901, 140 (Labrador; crit.\ 145 

 (measurements), pi. 2, fig. 4 (bill).— H arte rt, Novit. Zool., viii, 1901, 306 

 (Canary Islands).— Bigelow, Auk, xix, 1902, 25 (coast Labrador, breeding). — 

 Braislin, Auk, XX, 1903, 50 (MoiUauk, Long Island, 1 spec. Mar. 30, 

 1902).— Hartert and Grant, No\dt. Zool., xii, 1905, 100 (San Miguel, 

 Azores). 



Frai[ercula] arctica Vieillot, Nouv. Diet, d'llist. Nat., xviii, 1817, 330. 



Flralercula] arctica Gray, Gen. Birds, iii, 1847, 637. — Coues, Key N. Am. Birds, 

 2d ed., 1884, 802.— Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Birds, 1887, 11. 



[Fratercula] arctica Sharpe, lland-Ust, i, 1899, 133. — Forbes and Robinson, Bull. 

 Liverp. Mus., ii, no. 2, 1899, 53 (British localities). 



[Fratercula] arcticus Coues, Key N. Am. Birds, 1872, 340. 



[Fratercula arctica] a. arctica Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Water Birds N. Am., 

 ii, 1884, 523. 



Fratercula arctica arctica Schalow, Vogel der Arktis, 1904, 121 (synonymy, range, 

 etc.). — Hantzsch, Journ. fiir Orn., 1908, 143, in text, 310 (Labrador). — Amer- 

 ican Ornithologists' Union, Check List, 3d ed., 1910, p. 26. 



Mormon arcticus Naumann, Isis, 1821, 783, pi. 7, figs. 5-7. — Bonaparte, Ann. 

 Lye. N. Y., ii, 1828 ("Synopsis"), 430; Geog. and Comp. List, 1838, 66.— 

 Nuttall, Man. Orn. U. S. and Can., Water Birds, 1834, 542. — Nil.sson, Skaud. 

 Faun., ii, 1835, 516. — Audubon, Orn. Biog., iii, 1835, 105, pi. 213; Synopsis, 



