BIKDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMEEICA. 501 



eastern Pennsylvania (Delaware and Lehigh Rivers), and along Pacific 

 coast to southern California (Monterey Bay); casual in Colorado 

 (Loveland, July 9, 1889; near Denver, spring, 1887); accidental in 

 Hawaiian group (Hilo Beach, May 9, 1891); wintering far southward 

 (coasts of Brazil, Chile, Peru, etc., and parts of Antarctic Ocean); 

 in Eastern Hemisphere breeds in Arctic region (up to lat. 82°, or higher, 

 including Spitzbergen and other Arctic islands), from Iceland to the 

 Commander Islands, Kamchatka, migrating southward to Africa 

 and parts of Antarctic Ocean as far as lat. 74° S. 



[Sterna] hirundo, part (not of Linnaeus, ]758) Brunnich, Orn. Bor., 1764, 45, part 

 (young). — LiNN^us, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, i, 1766,227. — Retzius, Fauna Suecica, 

 1800, 162. . 



Sterna hirundo Muller, Zool. Danm., Prodr., 1774, 170. — Phipps, Voy. towards 

 North Pole, App., 1774, 188.— Fabricius, Fauna Groenl., 1780, 105.— 

 MoHR, Island Naturh., 1786, 43.— Sabine (E.), Trans. Linn. Soc, xii, 1819, 

 542 (Greenland). — Leach, in Ross' Voy. Baffin Bay, App., ii, 1819, pi. 8. — 

 ScoRESBY, Arctic Reg., i, 1820, 533 (Spitzbergen). — Faber, Prodr. Orn., 

 1822, 68.— Brehm, Vog. Deutschl., 1831, 781.— Gaimard, Voy. Islande, 

 Zool., 1851, 163.— Salvadori, Faun. Ital., Ucc, 1871, 280.— Dresser, 

 Birds Eur., viii (pt. xii), 1872, 255, pi. 579.— Hartino, Handb. Brit. Birds, 

 1872, 76.— Shelley, Birds Egypt, 1872, 299.— Heuglin, Orn. N. O.-Afr., 

 Bd. ii, pt. 2, 1873, 1421.— Alston and Harvie-Brown, Ibis, 1873, 12 (Arch- 

 angel, n. Russia). — Durnford, Ibis, 1874, 200 (North Frisian Islands, breed- 

 ing).— Irby, Orn. Str. Gibr., 1875, 210.— Newton, Arctic Man., 1875, 105.— 

 Seebohm and Harvie-Brown, Ibis, 1876, 451 (lower Petchora River, Russia; 

 habits). — CoLLETT, Nyt Mag. Natur\^, 1877, 214 (Norway). — Giglioli, Ibis, 

 1881, 217 (Genoa, Italy).— Neale, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1882, 654 (Franz Josef 

 Land). — Olphe-Galliard, Contr. Faun. Orn. Eur. Occid., pt. x, 1886, 21. — 

 Hagerup, Birds Greenl., 1891, 47.— Schalow, Journ. fiir Orn., 1891, 262 

 (St. Paul Island, Pribilof group, Alaska). 



[Sterna] hirundo Heine and Reichenow, Nom. Mus. Hein. Orn., 1890, 354. 



Siuna [typ. error] hirundo O'Reilly, Greenland, 1818, 143. 



Sterna paradisxa Brunnich, Orn. Bor., 1764, 46 (Christiansoe Island, Denmark). — 

 Schlegel. Mus. Pays-Bas, vi, no. 24 (Sternae), 1864, 15. — Blasius, Journ. 

 fiir Orn., 1866, 74 (monogr.). — Deqland and Gerbe, Om. Eur., ii, 1867, 

 458.— Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Water Biids N. Am., ii, 1884, 299.— 

 Turner, Auk, ii, 1885, 158 (Semechi Island, Aleutian chain, breeding); 

 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., viii, 1885, 252 (Ungava Bay, breeding); Contr. N. H. 

 Alaska, 1886, 127 (St. Michaels, etc.; habits). — Stejneger, Bull. U. S. 

 Nat. Mus., no. 29, 1885, 85 (Bering Island, Kamchatka, a few breeding); 

 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., x, 1887, 124 (Bering Island). — American Orni- 

 thologists' Union, Check List, 1886, and 2d ed., 1895, no. 71; 3d ed., 1910, 

 p. 44. — Mewes and Homeyer, Ornia, ii, 1886, 272 (Archangel, Russia). — 

 Nelson, Rep. N. H. Coll. Alaska, 1887, 58 (habits).— Townsend (C. H.), 

 Cruise 'Corwin' in 1885 (1887), 90 (lower Kowak River, July, Aug.).— 

 Palmen, Vega-Exped., Bd. v, 1887, 349. — Chamberlain, in Hagerup'a 

 Birds Greenl., 1891, 47.— Macfarlane, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xiv, 1891, 

 419 (Fort Anderson, Mackenzie). — Cooke, Birds Col., 1897, 51 (Loveland, 

 Colorado, July 9, 1889, and near Denver, Spring, 1887). — Stone, Birds E. 

 Penn. and N. J., 1894, 46 (Delaware and Lehigh Rivers, Pennsylvania). — 

 Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus., xii, 1899, 229 (Disko Bay, etc., Greenland). — 



