568 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



Crespon, Orn. Gard, 1840, 487. — Nordmann, in Demidoff, Voy. Russ. 

 Merid., iii, 1840, 281 (Odessa, 1 spec). — Selys-Longchamps, Faune Beige, 

 1842, 153.— Yarrell, Hist. Brit. Birds, iii, 1843, 444; 2d ed., iii, 1845, 562.— 

 ScHLEGEL, Rev. Crit., 1844, p. cxxvi; Vog. NederL, 1854, 599, pis. 350, 351; 

 Dier. Nederl. Vogels, 1861, 236; Mus. Pays-Bas, vi, no. 23 (Lari), 1863, 30.— 

 DeKay, Zool. New York, ii, 1844, 361.— Hewitson, Eggs Brit. Birds, ii, 1846, 

 439, pi. 124. — ^Jardine, Contr. Orn., 1849, 86 (Bermudas). — Degland, Orn, 

 Eiir., ii, 1849, 316. — Hurdis, in Jardine's Contr. Orn., 1850, 13 (Bermudas. 

 March, 1849, several). — Thompson, Birds Ireland, iii, 1851, 340. — Kjaer- 

 BOLLiNG, Danm. Fugle, 1852, 338, pi. 41. — Baily, Orn. Savoie,iv, 1854, 316. — 

 Heuglin, Journ. fur Orn., 1857, 103 (n. Europe); Ibis, 1872, 65 (w. coast 

 Novaya Zemlya). — Armstrong, N. W. Pass. 'Investigator,' 1857, 347 (Prince 

 Albert Land).— Jones, Naturalist in Bermuda, 1859, 92. — Bland, An. Rep. 

 Smithson. Inst., 1859, 289 (Bermudas). — Lindermayer, Vog. Griechenl., 

 1860, 174.— MiJLLER, Vid. Medd., 1862 (1863), 70 (Faroe Islands).— Wright, 

 Ibis, 1864, 151 (Malta); 1874, 238 (Malta).— Degland and Gerbe, Orn. 

 Eur., ii, 1867, 428.— Malmgren, Oefv. K. Vet.-Ak. Stockholm, 1863, 104; 

 1864, 387 (Spitzbergen).— Droste, Journ. fur Orn., 1869, 386 (Faroes).— 

 Gray, (R.) Birds West Scotland, 1871, 478.— Heuglin, Ibis, 1872, 65 (Novaya 

 Zemlya). — Godman, Ibis, 1872, 222 (Teneriffe, Canary Islands). — Har- 

 TiNG, Handb. Brit. Birds, 1872, 77.— Coues, Check List, 1873, no. 552.— 

 FiNscH, Abh. Nat. Ver. Bremen, v, 1873, 36G (s. Greenland). — Palmen, 

 Finlands Fogl., 1873, 608.— Sundevall, Oefv. K. Vet.-Ak. Stockholm, 

 1874, 21 (Spitzbergen).— Bessels, Bull. Soc. Geogr. Paris, 1875, 296 (Thank 

 God Harbor); Amerik. Nordpol-Exp., 1879, 312 (Smith Sound, lat. 81° 40^ 

 N.).— Merriam, Birds Conn., 1877, 132.— Rathbun (F. R.), Rev. List Birds 

 Centr. N. Y., 1879, 41 (Seneca Lake, 1 spec.).— Seebohm, Ibis, 1879, 24; 

 1882, 385 (Archangel, Russia); Hist. Brit. Birds, iii, 1885, 340.— Rodd, Birds 

 Cornwall, 1880, 169.— Collins, Rep. U. S. Com. Fisheries for 1882 (1884), 330 

 (Grand Banks, etc.; habits). — Radde, Orn. Caucas., 1884, 479 (Caspian Sea?). 

 —Walter, Journ. fiir Orn., 1890, 240-250 (e. Spitzbergen). — Stevenson and 

 Southwell, Birds Norfolk, iii, 1890, 334.— Gatke, Vogelw. Helgoland, 

 1891, 575. — Jackel and Blasius, Vog. Bayerns, 1891, 359. — Clarke (W. E.), 

 Ibis, 1899, 48 (Whale Point Harbor, etc., Spitzbergen; breeding on Ryk-ys 

 and King Charles islands). 



L[arus] t ridady lus Fabbu, Prodr. Island. Orn., 1822, 90 (Iceland).— Keyserlino 

 and Blasius, Wirb. Eur., 1840, pp. xcv, 242. — Nelson, Bull. Essex Inst., 

 viii, 1876, 146 (Lake Michigan, Illinois, rare winter visitant). 



Larus trydactylus Temminck, Cat. Syst., 1807, 187. 



[Gavia] tridactylus Boie, Isis, 1822, 563. 



Cheimonea tridactyla Kaup, Natiirl. Syst., 1829, 84, 196. 



[Cheimonea] tridactyla Heine and Reichenow, Nom. Mus. Hein. Orn., 1890, 360. 



Laroides tridactylus Brehm, Vog. Deutschl., 1831, 754. 



Rissa tridactyla Bonaparte, Geog. and Comp. List, 1838, 62. — Macgillvray, Man. 

 Brit. Orn., 1842, 249; Hist. Brit. Birds, v, 1852, 515.— Gray, List Birds Brit. 

 Mus., Anseres, 1844, 174; Gen. Birds, iii, 1846, pi. 180, fig. 6; List Brit. Birds, 

 1863, 236.— Brehm, Naumannia, 1855, 294; Vogelfang, 1855, 341.— Hart- 

 laub, Orn. Westafrik., 1857, 253 (Senegal). — Lawrence, in Baird, Rep. 

 Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 1858, 854; Ann. Lye. N.Y., viii, 1867, 299 (vicinity New 

 York City).— Baird, Cat. N. Am. Birds, 1859, no. 672.— Wheaton, Ohio 

 Agric. Rep., 1860, no. 270 (n. Ohio).— Reinhardt, Ibis, 1861, 18 (Green- 

 land).— Coues, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, 304 (monogr.); Check List, 2d 

 ed.,1882, no. 782.— Newton, in Baring-Gould's Iceland, 1863, 418; Ibis, 1865, 

 508 (Spitzbergen; habits); Arctic Man., 1875, 106.— Salvadori,Ucc. Sardin., 



