580 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



P[agophila] eburnea Gray, Gen. Birds, iii, 1846, G54. — Coues, Key N. Am. Birds, 



2d ed., 1884, 749. 

 [Pagophila] eburnea Bonaparte, Naumannia, 1854, 212; Compt. Rend., xlii, 1856 > 



771. — Sharpe, Hand-list, i, IS!)!), 143. — Forbes and Robinson, Bull. 



Liverp. Mus., ii, no. 2, 1899, 58 (Melville Island; Wellington Channel, 



Spitzbergen). 

 [Larus (Pagophila)] eburneus Bruch, Journ. fiir Orn., 1853, 106; 1855, 286 (monogr.) 

 [Pagophila] eburneus Bonaparte, Consp. Av., ii, 1857, 230. 

 Larus {Pagophila) eburneus Heuglin, Journ. fiir Orn., 1872, 125 (Arctic Europe). — 



Coues, Birds Northwest, 1874, 648. 

 Cetosparactes eburneus Macgillivray, Man. Brit. Orn., pt. ii, 1842, 252; Brit. 



Birds, V, 1852, 508. 

 Larus candidus MUller, Prodromus Zool. Danm., 1776, p. viii (Greenland). — 



Fabricius, Fauna Groenlandica, 1780, 103. — Fleming, Brit. Anim., 1828, 142. 

 Larus niveus Boddaert, Tabl. PI. Enl., 1783, 58 (based on Goiland blanc du 



Spitzbergen Daubenton, PI. Enl., pi. 994). — Marmottan and Vian, Bull. Soc. 



Zool. France, 1879, 249 (Crotoy, France). 

 Gavia nivca Brehm, Vog. Deutschl., 1831, 768. 

 [Pagophila] nivea Bonaparte, Compt. Rend., xlii, 1856, 771. 

 [Pagophila] niveus Bonaparte, Consp. Av., ii, 1857, 230. 

 Larus cyanorhinchus Temminck, Cat. Syst., 1807, 186, 187 (new name for Larus 



eburneus "Lath [am]"). 

 Larus brachytarsus IIolboll, Fauna Gronl., 1846, 52. 



L[arus] brachytarsus Holboll, Naturhist. Tidsskr., iv, 1843, 422 (Greenland). 

 Larus (Pagophila) brachytarsus Bruch, Journ. fiir Orn., 1853, 106. 

 Pagophila brachytarsus Coues, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, 309 (monogr.). 

 [Pagophila] brachytnrsa Reinhardt (J.), Journ. fiir Orn., 1854, 443 (Greenland). 

 ? Pagophila brachytarsa Reinhardt (J.), Ibis, 1861, 18 (Greenland; crit.). 

 [Larus (Pagophila)] brachytarsus Bruch, Journ. fiir Orn., 1855, 287 (monogr.). 

 Pagophila brachytarsa Bonaparte, Naumannia, 1854, 212. 

 Pagophila brachytarsi Lawrence, in Baird, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 1858, 



856.— Baird, Cat. N. Am. Birds, 1859, no. 677. 



Genus LARUS Linnseus. 



Larus Linn^us, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 136. (Type, as designated by 



Gray, 1840, Larus glaucas Linnaeus=L. hyperboreus Gunnerus.) 

 Lencus Kaup, Natiirl. Syst., 1829, 84. (Type, as designated by Gray, 1855, 



Larus marinus Linnaeus.) 

 Leucu^ (emendation) Gray, App. List Gen. Birds, 1842, 15. 

 Laroides Brehm, Isis, 1830, 993. (Type, as designated by Gray, 1840, Larus 



major BTehm.=Larus argentatus Pontoppidan.) 

 Plaufus (not of Gunnerus, 1761, nor Briinaich, 1771) Reichenbach, Av. Syst. 



Nat., Longip., 1852, p. 2; Nat. Syst. Vog., 1852 (1853), p. v. (Type, by 



monotypy. Larus glaucus Briirinich=L. hypcrboreus Gunnerus.) 

 Glaucus (not of Forster, 1800) Bruch, Journ. fiir Orn., 1853, 101. (Type, by 



tautonymy, Larus glaucus Briinnich = L. hypcrboreus Gunnerus.) 

 Doviinicanus Bruch, Journ. fur Orn., 1853, 100. (Type, by tautonymy, Larus 



doviinicanus Liclitenstein. ) 

 Gavina Bonaparte, Naumannia, 1854, 212. (Tyjie, Larus audouini Payreau- 



deau.) 

 Clupeilarus Bonaparte, Consp. Gen. Av., ii, 1857, 220. (Type, Larus fuscus 



Linnaeus.) 

 Einaliao- Heine, in Heine and Reichenow, Nom. Mus. Hein. Orn., 1890, 358, 



(New name for Laroides Brehm, on grounds of purism.) 



o Eii'dXtos, of the sea. (Richmond.) 



