NEW NORTH AMERICAN EARTHWORMS 179 



A pair of transv^ersely elongate papillae is present on the type and 

 on some other specimens at 19/20, in line with the ventral setae, but 

 none were found elsewhere. No dorsal pores were found in the 

 anterior 18 somites, and in the others they were very inconspicuous. 

 Nephridiopores are present in the second and following somites. 

 There are two in each somite at the anterior margins, but they are 

 irregularly distributed. Those of the first few somites are in seta 

 line d, while in other somites they may be located in either of seta 

 lines &, c, or d^ or between lines h and c. Male pores are paired on 

 18 slightly laterad of the closely associated apertures of the penial 

 setae and with them are borne on the summits of two slight eleva- 

 tions forming the lateral borders of a transverse depression of the 

 ventral surface of the somite. The pair of oviducal pores on 14 

 are slightly anterior to the ventral setae and nearer to the mid- 

 ventral line than to the seta line a. The two pairs of spermathecal 

 pores are at 7/8 and 8/9 in seta line h. 



Internal characters. — Septa 8/9-11/12 are most strongly thickened, 

 and those of 12/13 and 13/14 are but slightly thickened. The dorsal 

 wall of the pharynx has a thickened muscular wall with an evagi- 

 nated chamber that opens into the lumen of the pharynx. There is a 

 powerful gizzard in 5 that occupies considerable space gained by 

 pushing back the septa of a few following somites. The chief devel- 

 opment of calciferous gland structure is in 15 and 16 in which the 

 esophagus is much enlarged ; the folds of the lining layer are much 

 more numerous and much wider than elsewhere, and the wall is more 

 extensively supplied with large blood vessels. There is also a definite 

 tendency for edges of the folds to unite in some places and thus par- 

 tially form a secondarj^ lumen. In 17 there is a marked decrease in 

 the number and width of the folds and in the diameter of the esopha- 

 gus. In the posterior part of 18 and 19 there is an increase in the 

 diameter of the alimentary tract and lumen and the beginning of the 

 intestinal region with a definite typhlosole present. Nephridia are 

 paired in the second and following somites, and the pores are incon- 

 spicuous and irregularly distributed. Paired dorsal hearts are present 

 in 7-9, and paired dorso-esophageal hearts in 10-13- 



Spermaries and spermiducal funnels are present in 10 and 11, and 

 the sperm ducts of either side unite in 12 and form a single duct, 

 which unites with the prostate duct quite near its union with the 

 gland. Paired sperm sacs in 11 and 12 open into 10 and 11 through 

 the sej^ta 10/11 and 11/12 very near the esophagus. Prostate glands 

 are paired in 18. The glandular part is long, contorted, and of the 

 tubular type. The muscular duct is shorter and also contorted. 

 Ovaries and oviducal funnels are paired in 13 and oviducts in 14. 

 Ovisacs not found. Spermathecae are paired in 8 and 9; those of 



