48 B RICH AM ON HAWAIIAN FEATHER WORK. 



35. Maliiole of wicker work covered with a net of olona. To this were origi- 

 nally attached red feathers, those on the crest being 3-ellow, and on the edge black. 

 This, with the next one, was for 3'ears attached to the wall in the exhibition hall of 

 the Real Mnseo in via Romana, and it is not strange that they have little to indicate 

 the color. Dr. Giglioli, who has described them,'' was able bv the n.se of a lens to 

 make out the remains of color. He saj-s: "Dopo minuzioso esame e coll' aiuto di nna 

 bnona lente, ho potato constatare, scoprendone gli avanzi, che il corpo di qiiesto 

 mahiole era in origine coperto di penne rosse della iiwi, mentre la cresta lo era colle 

 penne gialle dell'oo; lo spazio intorno alle intaccature per le orecchie era coperto di 

 penne nere, pure tolte all'oo; mentre I'orlo intorno all'apertura dell'elmo era guernita 

 di penne rosse, gialle e nere." 



36. Mahiole without feathers, in form of No. 2, and like that, covered with 

 rods to which are still attached the olona threads that held the feathers. This and 

 the j^receding are in the Real Mnseo di Fisica e Storia Naturale at Florence. 



37. Mahiole like those covered with feathers, but in this human hair covers 

 the wicker work frame in the guise of a wig. The crest ( mahiole ) is of bleached and 

 longer hair, while the rest is of a brownish hue. This was used in war, possibly a 

 trophy from some vanquished eneni}', and belonged to the mother of Queen Emma. 

 It is now in the Bishop Museum. [B. M. No. 134.] It should certainly be noted that 

 this helmet of human hair was not of so strong and firm a wicker work as most of 

 those to which feathers were added, and they seem more for ornament (or disguise) 

 than for prote<5lion. 



I have not been able to trace other helmets adorned with human hair, although 

 assured by old natives that the fashion was genuine Hawaiian. It was customary in 

 the southern islands, especially Fiji, to Avear a wig made of the hair of an enemy, es- 

 pecially if that enemy had been eaten; and one of these from a man who was eaten in 

 1862 is in the Bishop Museum. [B. M. No. 2026. | 



38-41. Since the above was in type word has come that four mahiole, two of 

 them with feathers, formerl}' in the Boston Museum, have been given to the Peabody 

 Museum of American Archaeology at Cambridge, Mass. It is well that they have 

 ceased to be mere curiosities, and have become objects of ethnological interest. 



Here then are more than fort}' of the fine Hawaiian helmets still preserved in 

 museums, and it is not improbable that a few more are in private collections unknown 

 to me. Of all the.se the one in best condition and exhibiting the full splendor of its 

 original state is the Kaumualii helmet in the Bishop Museum, which I have placed 

 at the head of the list. There is manv an imposing panopU' in the roj'al armories of 

 Evirope. I have seen them at Vienna, Turin and elsewhere, but the Hawaiian warrior 

 clad in the superb bone and flesh of the olden day and decorated with the helmet and 



i'^Appuuti hiloino ad una CoUer.ionr Ktnofif'afica Jatta (iuraule il Uott. Knrico Hillyer Giglioli. Firenze. 1895. In this valuable essay 

 lerzo Tiaggio di Cook f couscrvata sin dalla fiuc del strolo scono itrl R. Dr. Giglioli describes many other Hawaiian specimens, and it will 

 Mnseo di I-'isiea e Sloria Naturale di Firenze, p. 79. Studio del Prof. a.irain be referred to when treating of the Hawaiian feather cloaks. 



