30 



HAJFAl/AN SrOXE /MPLEMEXTS. 



The pestles in Plates XLI. and XLII., also in Figs. 24 and 25 are fair examples 

 of the Hawaiian form, and while in modern times certain ones are often designated 

 "noni-pounders" I doubt there was anj- distin6lion in ancient times and the same stone 

 ground kukui nuts for oil or the awa root for the hot and exhilarating drink or, yet 

 again, noni {Moriiida titrijolia) for dye or medicine. Some, as will be seen, are 



FIC. 24. HAW.VIIAX PKSTLES. 



flattened at the butt, not always by long use; most, however, are rounded to fit more 

 closely the bottom of the mortar. 



A much more common class of pestles was shorter, conical in shape, and held in 

 the hand. These mullers, shown in Fig. 26, were generally used to pulverize charcoal 

 or to grind ochres for paints, or to crush berries or succulent stems for d\-es. Often no 

 mortar was required but a shallow dish or a flat rock served as nether millstone. Older 

 in point of development than the taller brethren, they serve as a transitional form to 

 t'he pol/aku kill poi or poi pounders, one of the most charadleristic of Hawaiian stone 

 implements and one that survives to this day without a rival in the hand manufacture 



of the national food. 



[362] 



