INDEX TO THE PAC/E/C ISLANDS. 



75 



Hawaiian Group. Called by Cook Sandwich islands in honor of his patron the 

 Earl of Sandwich, a cordial hater of Americans. The gronp was discovered by 

 the Spaniard Jnan de Gaetano in 1555, and again b}- Cook January- 18, 1778. 

 The}' were annexed to the United vStates Jnlv 7, 1898.* The gronp consists of 

 eight principal islands and a long range of uninhabited rocks extending many de- 

 grees to the northwest. Perhaps more books have been written about the Hawaiian 

 islands than about any other group in the Pacific. The Geology has been pub- 

 lished by Dana, the present writer and others; the Botany by Mann and Hille- 

 brand ; the Ornithology by Wilson, Rothschild, Dole and Br\an ; the Entomology 

 by Perkins and others; Herpetology by Stejneger. Other departments of Nat- 

 ural History have not been adequately studied. Historical books, apart from the 

 Voyages, are by Dibble, Bingham, Fornander and Alexander. A grammar of the 

 language and a dictionary were published by ^Andrews, and the translation of the 

 Bible by the American missionaries preserves the Hawaiian language in its purity, 

 while in common use it has become very corrupt. A ver\- competent government 

 survey, under the charge of Professor W. D. ^Alexander, has measured and mapped 

 the topography. In 1898 the imports amounted to $10,368,815.09; the exports, 

 $17,346,744.79; Custom House receipts, $896,975.70. 



HAWAHAN ISLANDS. 



.^liKA IN S(iiAin': .\Iii.p:w. 



HKKiHT IX FKKT. 



I'OrULATIOS IX ISiJH. 



Hawaii 4.:)15 2,.570.0Uij l::.s2."i Xi,-J>i:i 



Maul 72)S 486,0(111 1 il.03-' 17.721) 



Oalui 6110 ; :i.s4,UU(l 4.:KI) 40,2I1.t 



Kauai ai'j I :!48,()0U 4.si!lj I'l 22.5 



.Molokai 261 ' 167.000 4,!«.s 2.:;07 



l.aiKii 13.". sii.oou :i,4;io Ki.-i 



Niiliail i)7 (iJ.OIKI M:i| 104 



Kalliiiilawe Oil 44. ','00 . 1,427 



KauUl. Lehua, Nihoa, Necker. Freiii-ii FriKatPN, (.iardiner. La.vsaii. LiKiaiisk.v, Mi(lwa..v. and i}wM\ arc rni-ks, nniuhabitpd save b.v tlip/c/rr 

 luiliira". 



Haweis, see Elato of the Caroline islands. 



Hawkesbury, islet in Torres strait. lo" 22' .s., 142" 07' K. 



Hayman, northwest of Hook on the Australian coast. 20" 03' s., 148" 56' K. 



Hayter, see Sariba on the New Guinea coast. 



Head, high, wooded island in China strait. 10" 34' 35" s., 150 44' 40" K. 



Heath, 200 ft. high, off the coast of New Britain. 4" 51' .s., 151' 32' K. 



Heath, see Rogeia, New Guinea. 



Height, see Hemeni of the Marquesas. 



Hemenahei, or Flat is the easternmost of the Calvados chain in the Louisiade archi- 

 pelago; 2.5 m. H-w. by 1.2 m.: cultivated, but not inhabited because considered 

 unhealthy. 11° 11' S., 153" 05' K. 



Henderson, or Elisabeth of the Paumotu archipelago, was discovered b\- a boat's crew 

 from the whaler Essex, in 1820, and named for Captain Henderson; 5 m. l)y 2.5 m., 

 80 ft. high; of raised coral, much undermined by waves. Cliffs are perpendicular, 

 except on the north side. Uninhabited. 24 25' S., 12S 19' \v. 



*June 14, l8gS, the Newlaiids anuexation re>ululi<m passed the House of Representatives : July 6tll the .Senate conJimied the same . Jul\ 

 7th the President signed the joint resolution : .\ugust 12th the United States flag was raised, ami President Dole transferred tlie jurisdiction 

 to the United States : but it was June 14, 1900. when annexation went fullv into effeet. 



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