Substances Used. 3 



{Broussonc/ia papyrifera) whose fibres were beaten into kapa or twisted into strong 

 cord; hau, fan, hibiscus {Pariliimi /ii/iur/iii/)^ whose bast yields a strong fibre nsed 

 for mats and cords; and banana (Miisa var. sp.)^ of which the fibres are of many grades, 

 nsed chiefl}' for fine mats and belts. 



The Hawaiians had in addition nkiuki, a thick-bladed grass whose leaves were 

 braided into sennit to tie together the beams and rafters of the native honse, hale pili : 







\ > ' 





y 



' n 



Fig. I. COCONUT leaf basket. 



makaloa {Cypents hcrigatiis^, a sedge from whose tender stems the fine Niihan mats 

 were woven; olona {Toiic/iardia la/ifoh'a), invalnable for its tough and durable fibre, 

 from which were twisted cords for fish lines, nets, etc.; mamaki {Piptunis albidiis), 

 used mostly for felting into coarse, tough kapa, but also for cords and ropes; ieie {Frey- 

 cinetia aniotti, and in Tahiti F. deiiiissa'), from whose aerial rootlets the choicest and 

 most durable of the Hawaiian baskets were made; iwaiwa, several ferns from whose 

 stems were plaited fish traps and baskets. Other fibrous plants of less extensive use 

 will be noticed as they occur. 



