LIST OF PLATES. 



Halemaumau, 1880. Furneaux, Froiitisph-n'. 



Views of Lava Fall and Its Work. 



Descent into Halemauniaii. 



Three Sentinels and Flow near Little Beggar. 



W. T. B. 

 Two Views of Halemauman. 

 Cone in Halematimau. Pool Below Rim. 

 Drawn Lav-a from Fall. \V. T. B. 

 Mass of Aa, Natural Size. \V. T. B. 



XIJ. 



XLII. 



XIJII. 



XI,IV. 



XIA'. 



XLVI. 



XLVII. 



XIvVIII. Cave Stalagmite, Slender Form 



XLIX. Cave Stalagmite, Thick. \V. T 



L. Pool with Raised Walls. Silva. 



I/I. Pool of Halemaumau from Below 



MI. Pool in Halemauman. 1894. 



LIII. South Lake and Island. 



W. T. B 



B. 



1894. 



LIV. Cone in Halemaumau. 



LV. Cone in Halemaumau. 



LVI. Cone in Halemaumau. 



LVII. The Empty Pit. 



LVIII. On the Brink of the Pit. 



LIX. General View of Halemaumau. 



LX. Dana Lake with Fountains. 



LXI. South Lake. 



LXII. Floating Islan<ls. 



LXIII. A Flow of Aa. 



LXIV. Source of Flow of 1880-81. 



LXV. A Crack in the Floorof Kilauea. J.J. Williams. 



LXVI. Kilauea in 1896. Howard Hitchcock. 



LXVII. Mokuaweoweo in 1896. Howard Hitchcock. 



of the photographs, some were taken by J. J. Williams: others are 



by the author bear 



from negatives purchased by him. 

 his initials. 



Those from photographs 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



9- 

 10. 

 II. 

 12. 



13- 

 14- 

 15- 

 16. 



17- 

 18. 



'9- 

 20. 

 21. 

 22. 



23- 



24. 



25- 



26. 



27- 



28. 

 29. 



I' .AGE 



Map of Hawaii Showing Lava Flows 3 



Olil Flow West of Kilauea 4 



Limn from Kilauea, 1 789 5 



Pots on Wailuku near Hilo. 6 



Mauna Kea from Waiakea, Hilo. Perkins..-. 6 



Cinder Cones on Mauna Kea 7 



Pool on Manna Kea, August, 1889 7 



Summit of Hualalai from East 8 



Pit Crater on Hualalai, 1889 9 



Blow-hole on Hualalai, 1889 11 



Hualalai from Mauna Loa (9000 ft.) 12 



Mauna Loa from Top of Hualalai 13 



Breaking Camp, Hualalai, 18S9 15 



Mauna Loa from Kilauea, 7 a.m 18 



Halemaumau in 18S8. Furneaux 20 



Pele's Hair from Kilauea 21 



Form of Less Fusible Lava 21 



Rope Lava 22 



Driblet under Lava Fall 22 



Sectional Impression of Rope Lava 24 



Palagonitc from Diamond Head 25 



Stony Cellular Lava 25 



Lava with Cylindrical Cells 25 



Vase Made from Molten Lava 26 



Black Volcanic Sand 26 



Basaltic Prisms in Wailuku Gorge 27 



Halemaumau Smoking 28 



.Stalactites from Cave near Hilo 30 



Stalagmites from a Cave in Kilauea 31 



Blow-hole Specimen 32 



30' 

 31 

 32 

 33 

 34 

 35 

 36 

 37 

 38 

 39 

 40 



41 

 42, 



43 

 44 

 45 

 46 



47 

 48 



49 

 50 

 51 

 52 

 53 

 54 

 55 

 56 

 57 

 58. 

 59 



PAGE 



Fragmentary Lava 34 



On the Old Trail to Kilauea 35 



Section on Road North of Kilauea 37 



Uwekahuna from Volcano House 38 



Cracks at Ponahohoa. Ellis 39 



Kilauea as .Seen by Ellis 40 



Penis' View of Kilauea. Polyn. Researches • • • 41 



Dampier's Kilauea in 1825 44 



Maiden's Plan of Kilauea in 1825 45 



Kilauea iki, Showing Lava Streams 47 



Kilauea, by Parker & Chase. Dana 48 



Wall on North of Kilauea 49 



Map of Source of 1840 Eruption 51 



Lava Around Trees in Puna. Henshaw 53 



Kilauea in 1841. Wilkes 55 



Kilauea in 1S41. Drayton 56 



Diagram in the Coan Letter 58 



Lyman's Plan of Kilauea in 1846 59 



Lyman's Revised Plan 60 



Survey of Mokuaweoweo, 1841. Wilkes 64 



The Cathedral from West and Northwest 75 



Fountain, Feb. 6 and 7, 1S59 76 



Fountains Feb. 10, 1S59 77 



North End of Kilauea 80 



Northern Sulphur Bank in 1.S89 81 



Fumarole with Sulphur Crystals 82 



Kilauea in 1864. Perry 83 



Floor with Spatters 84 



Bottom of Previous Fragment 85 



Survey of Kilauea, 1865. Brigham 87 



(iii) 



