140 



Kilauea and Manna Loa. 



present so-called Halemaumau, or in the midst of the present four lakes, so that no one 

 of them is entitled exclusively to that name sacred to the ancient worshippers of Pele. 



Among other changes the southern sulphur bank had wholly disappeared, 

 having been consumed b}- a local outbreak of lava which occurred a few months before 

 our visit (Juh' 14, 1879). The other deposit of sulphur on the north side near the 

 hotel seemed smaller, and the impression conveyed was of a much smaller amount of 

 sulphur in and around the crater than was found fifteen years before. None of the 

 fine crystals so common then could be found now. 



West of the crater on the Kau road, in the region called Uwekahuna, are many 

 small cracks which indicate plainly a general and extensive subsidence. Farther to 



FIG. 82. HAI^EMAUMAU FROM KAU BANK IN 1880. 



the southwest was a long line of smoke or vapor extending, it may be, to Ponahohoa, 

 where Rev. William Ellis found marks of a recent outflow in 1823. I could not then 

 follow the fissure, nor do I know of any one who has done so, but this is the track of 

 many an eruption, and should be thoroughly surveyed, as it is little visited, being 

 barren and of rough surface. (This has since been done to some extent by the 

 Government Survey.) 



As the moon rose about midnight we started for the upper bank and the 

 Volcano House. The brilliant moonlight of the tropics glittered on the metallic lava 

 in cold contrast to the hot fire-light we had just left, and as the shadow of the high 

 ledge fell across our path we had to walk warily and in single file to avoid the cracks 

 our feeble lantern hardly indicated. Once on the path up the wall, we separated, and 



the most active got home half an hour before the rest of the party. 



[5 1 8] 



