So 



Kilatiea and Manna Loa. 



4 



glassy threads, films and vesicles, which the heated air first forms, and then raises to a great height 

 in the atmosphere The next time I visited this river of molten stone was some months after- 

 wards at the sea-shore at Wainanalii, where it had never ceased running into the sea. It finally 

 ceased in July. 



In 1864, Mr. Horace Mann and the atithor approached Kilatiea from the .south- 

 west on the Kau trail. For ten miles we had seen the cloud of smoke over the crater, 

 and for more tlian half that distance we had traversed beds of pahoehoe, and large 

 tracts of sand deep and difficult for our horses. No aa and but little scoriae were visible 



KIG. 53. NORTH END OF Klr.AUF.A FROM WEST BANK. A, SITE OF HOTEL. B, BOTTOM OF DESCENT. 



C, KII,AUE.\ IKI WITH A SHOWER OF RAIN. 



from the path. The eruption of 1789, is said to have thrown out the sand, but the winds 

 have entirely changed its original location. It is dark, fine and uniform, and it now 

 lies covering the pahoehoe in places to the depth of several 3'ards. Soon after one o'clock 



we came itpon the brink of the crater near Uwekahuna, the highest part of 

 1864 the bounding wall, and from here in the afternoon is a favorable view of 



Kilatiea, perhaps the best. From below us steam and sulphurous vapors rose 

 in a sluggish column, but we saw no fire and heard no noises. The great sunken 

 plain before us, covering four or five square miles, looked bright in the clear sunlight, 

 and even the walls on which we stood were of a light gray color. The whole circuit 



of the walls on the west and north sides is much cracked and interrupted. We rode along 



[458] 



