174 



Kilauea and Manna Loa. 



the surface. The surface of the lava rose and fell several times a distance of three to four feet. 

 The Pele's hair on the cliffs and adjacent fiat south of the lake is about four inches deep, forming a 

 perfect carpet which entirely conceals the rocks. 



March iS, iSS(^. J. Austin. — Saw "Little Elephant" boiling, and "Dana Lake" spouting 

 in fountains. 



Jamia>y 2, iSgo. Rev. E. P. 

 Baker. — The volcano is much as it 

 has been since about the 4th Novem- 

 ber, '8g, when a huge crack was 

 formed in the floor of the crater 

 (northwest -southeast) • • .The forma- 

 tion of this crack was accompanied 

 with a slight sinking of a portion of 

 the central area near the lake. 



J a n tia ty 28, /Sgo . A c 1 a n d 

 Wansey and W. T. Brigham were 

 at the crater photographing and 

 taking notes. 



/uly fS, i8go. Acland Wan- 

 sey, W. B. Clark and W. T. Brigham 

 were again at the crater, and many 

 of the illustrations of this paper were 

 then made. Of this party Mr. Clark 

 joined a party for the ascent of 

 Mauna Loa, an expedition which 

 Mr. L. A. Thurston thus describes 

 in the register : 



Memo of an ascent of Mauna 

 Loa by W. B. Clark, of Boston, 

 Julian Monsarrat, W. Gates and L. 

 A. Thurston, under the guidance of 

 Kanae of Ainapo. The time which 

 was occupied in proceeding from one 

 point to another is given for the in- 

 formation of those who may desire 



to ascend the mountain hereafter as a basis of estimate. Left Kapapala ranch at 5:45 .\.j[., July 26; 

 arrived at Ainapo 8:30; left at 9 a.m.; arrived at upper water-hole 1 1 a.m. ; at Camp Kakina, at the 

 upper edge of vegetation, 1:30 p.m. Temperature at this camp, where the night was spent, was as 

 follows, in the shade : 



1:30 P.M., 58° F. 6:46 P.M., 48"^ F. 



5: P.M., 54° 6:56 P.M., 47° 



6:15 P.M., 52° 7:25 P.M., 46" Ditto up to 10 P.M. 



6:40 P.M., 49° 4:30 A.M., 43'^ 



FIG. 104. CR.\CK IN BED OF KILAUEA. 



July 27 left camp at 6:30 a.m. and arrived at the crater at 1 1:30. Temperature at noon in the 

 shade, 49° ; in the sun, 54°; at 5 .■v.m. on the 28th, 24° out of doors and 28° in the tent. The entire 

 party, except Mr. Clark, were affected with mountain sickness. Descent into the crater was made 

 by Mr. Clark and myself at the highest point of the cliff on this side, near the old Wilkes camp, 

 where there is a breakdown and a debris pile. 



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