lOO 



Kilauea and Manna Loa. 



This digression from the chronological record of the Kilanean eruptions seemed 

 necessar}' to explain the geography of the emptj'ings of its great cauldron, and will 

 save time later when our notes are more condensed. I have been through Puna man}^ 

 times, and have tried to trace from native tradition this or that eruption in the lava 

 flows that, generallv speaking, look all of an age, but I am not certain that anv prior 

 to that of 1S40 can be correctly identified. I put no faith in the identification of that 

 of 1823 on one of the government surveys, for Ellis closely questioned the natives and 



FIG. 67. BLUE POOL. 



could not hear of an}' outbreak from the natives of Puna who met him both in Puna 

 and Hilo. That or any other may be the flow of 1823 ^^ that flow came to the surface 

 on the Hilo side, which it probably did not, so far as the evidence goes." 



Since 1S65 the great crater of Kilauea had been slowly filling up by the over- 

 1868 flow of the northern lakes of 1864, and of various cones between these and 



Halemaumau until the whole central portion was considerably elevated. '*° 

 Mauna Loa had also been more or less active since visited by Mr. Horace Mann and 

 mj'self in 1865. Then the great summit crater Mokuaweoweo was quite still, and 

 apparently cold and extinct, exhibiting hardly any signs of recent action; only on one 



"The evidence strongly fuvors the identification of the short flow on the other side of Kilauea as that of 1823, 

 and I have so considered it on the map of Hawaii herewith. 



*°The following account was published in 1869 in the Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History, vol. i, 564. 

 I have here united the eruptions of the two volcanoes, as the same cause seems to have effected both, and the subsidi- 

 ar\' phenomena — earthquakes, landslide, and tidal wave, belong to either or both. 



[47S] 



