636 I'oniaiidcr Collection of Flmcaiiaii Polk-Iorc. 



on top of the niao^^ worked in with carved pieces [manu]. This is made of another 

 wood, the aiea;^'- this is the proper wood from which to make the u>ac. Tn fastening, 

 the sennit is used to tie these on to the canoe. When that is finished, the iako and the 

 aiiia [the outrigger] are placed in position; these are for the purpose of steadying the 

 canoe. The proper woods out of wliich to make these parts are the hau and the 

 wihwiH. 



Three other kinds of wood were used in the olden time for building canoes, the 

 wiliwili, the kukui [candle-nut tree], and the ulu [breadfruit tree]. The wiliwili is 

 yet being used. The kukui is not much seen at this time. The ulu is used for repair- 

 ing a broken canoe; great skill is required to do the patching well so as to make it 

 blend together. 



The paint used to daub the canoe black is the amaumau,'^ the cane leaves, the 

 iiaiiakii (rush) from the stream; burn these in the fire; collect the ashes and place in 

 a container; mix together with the /;//; kukui. That will be the mixture to form the 

 black ])aint to adhere to the canoe. 



[UNFTNISTIED.] 



THE KAPA OF HAWAII NEI IN OLDEN TIME. 



The clothes which we wear at this time are from the white people and from the 

 Chinese of China, also from Japan. These beautiful clothes are made from various 

 things which they used, because of their ability and according to their ideas. But in 

 the times of our ancestors long past, the loin was the only part of the body of a per- 

 son hidden; they girded the male around their waists; that does not conform, how- 

 e\'er, with the gentlemanly usages of the present time. 



NAMES OF PLANTS WHICH THEY OBTAINED FOR MAKING KAPA. 



Akia,^ waukcr palaJwlo^ inaiiiaki* These plants grow in the forests on hills, 

 in valleys, on side hills, on ridges, and in green meadows; also on the banks of taro 

 patches. I think these plants can be found growing on the eight inhabited islands 

 and had grown there plentifully; but on some of those islands they grow more abun- 

 dantly, and cover a large area of land, and on some they are scarce. 



PROCURING IT. 



The method of getting wauke is the same for the various kapas which a per- 

 son desires; it is only during the process of beating out the kapa that a person could 

 make use of the pattern which she prefers. 



"Niao is the grooved edge of the inside or body of 'Akia (IVikstroemia foctidn), n small shrub 2-4 feet 



the canoe on which the rim is made to fit. hiKh. 



"Aiea ( Nothoccstrum brcviflorum) , a yellowish wood 'Wauke or waokc ( flrdus.unicliii I'lif'viift-rii) , the wcll- 



of light but tough grain. known paper mulberry. 



'"llawaiians produced an excellent lampblack from Pakibolo, not recognized by this name, 



several plants, as shown, which, mixed with the gum 'Mamaki (Pif turns albidiis), furnishing the coarse, 



(pilali, not hili) of the kukui, furnished a durable black lieavy kapas. 

 paint. 



