246 fonniiulcr Collection of Hm^'aiiaii Pnlk-lorc. 



and at home; wlien voyages to and from Tahiti were of common occurrence; and wlien 

 many changes and additions to the customs and worshij) of the ])e()])le were introduced. 



That Pili-Kaaiea was not the son of Laau-a-Lanakawai, that he was not even a Ha- 

 waiian at all, but a Tahitian chief of high birth and great wealth, all the traditions and the 

 meles referring to the subject unmistakeably prove. That he established himself on 

 Hawaii, obtained a quasi sui)remacy there, founded a dynasty and a family by intermar- 

 riage with Hawaiian chief-families, descendants of Nanaulu or of Ulu, is equally clear." 



Are we then to conclude that the so-called Hanalaamii line of Hawaiian chiefs 

 does not go any further back on Hawaii than the time of Pili? I think not. The tradi- 

 tions tell us fully and circumstantially that both Olopana and Kumuhonua, the sons of 

 Mulielealii were established and living on Hawaii, that Moikeha's son Kila, their nephew, 

 settled there. They tell us that Hikapoloa (k) and his wife Mailelaulii were noted chiefs 

 in Kohala before this time; that their granddaughter Luukia was the wife of Olopana, and 

 that their grandson Kaumailiula married Olopana's daughter, Kaupea. Although, there- 

 fore, it is impossible at this time to say with which of the Ulu or Nanaulu branches 

 Kanipahu or Kaniuhi were related; yet that they were so related and that directly, is a cer- 

 tainty beyond douI)t, to those who are acc[uainted with the tabu systems and the social in- 

 stitutions and customs which, however modified at different times, never abated an iota of 

 their rigour as affecting the laws of descent. 



From the fact that Ouanini, the grandson of Puna-imua, was contemporary with 

 Mua. on the Nanaulu-Kalehenui line, — their standing respectively thirty-first and thirty- 

 second from Wakea on their different lines — inclines me strongly to look for the difference 

 or discrepancy between these two lines among the names that follow Taumakua until 

 Ahukai, the father of Laaniaikahiki. 



Although there certainly are not a few perstms on these, the principal, lines of de- 

 scent from Wakea, to whom tradition has afifixed a local habitation and a name; yet I 

 think it in vain to look for genealogical precision or historical data before the period of 

 Maweke and his aftiliations on the Nanaulu line, or his iirobable contemporary Paumakua 

 and his near predecessors on the Ulu line. 



That the social and religious condition of the Hawaiian people underwent at about 

 that time several great and important changes, — caused no doubt by the influx of foreign 

 material and the intercourse with foreign lands' — may safely be concluded from express 

 statements and more or less plain allusions in the traditions now extant. Thus the cus- 

 tom of circumcising is plainly traceable up to the time of Paumakua, while it is nowhere 

 s])oken of or alluded to as forming a religious necessity or a social custom among chiefs 

 (»r common people before that time, unless in the Moolelo of Kumuhonua. 



I have seen no mention of human sacrifices, before this period, either of captives in 

 war or on other solemn occasions. To this period is to be referred the powerful priestly 



"For the probable place and descent of Haiialaa — (nui Tao first introduced the cocoanut tree. (Univ. Pitt., 



and iki) see comparative table of genealogies. [Fornan- V. 2, p. 230.) Turnbull relates that when Kaunuialii of 



der, PolvncshiH Race I, 249-] Kauai was sorely pressed by anticipation of Kame- 



'As late as the commencement of tliis century the liameha's invasion and conquest of Kauai, about 1802, 



Xuuhiwas were every now and then fitting out exploring lie had a vessel budt on purpose, m which to embark 



expeditions in their great canoes in search of a tradi- himself and family and chiefs and seek some foreign 



tional land called Utupu. supposed to be situated to the I:.""' "liere he would not be subjected to his dreaded 



westward of their archipelago, from which the Akua rival. 



