Tliiiii^s Similar in India, etc.. and Polynesia. 351 



Sumatra is called Ankola." Anahola name of one district in Kauai. ( Phonetic cor- 

 ru|)tion? (p. 28.) "In tlie Batta Country each village has a Bale or place of reunion of 

 the inhabitants;" — "Whale" in New Zealand, "Fale" in Samoa, "Hale" in Hawaii (p. 



35)- 



".S'aka was a surname of Buddha. In the Japanese annals Saka lived 1000 vears 

 B. C. and the religion of Japan is that of Saka or Siaka. Whence the name Hiaka or 

 Hika in the Hawaiian mythology?? Saka is a Sanscrit word signifying era or epoch, 

 and was used as a surname for several celebrated monarchs and founders of dynasties in 

 India. 



"On the other hand the Sovereigns of Guzzerat in India bore, during the 7th cen- 

 tury A. D., the title of Diva-Saka or Di-Saka (pp. 225, 226). What connection with 

 Hiaka? 



"The Malav race ex])anded from Sumatra to Malaka, and not vice versa. The 

 original country of the Malays (according to their own traditions) was Palembang (the 

 kingdom of ) in Sumatra, called the island of Indalons. They lived near the river Ma- 

 laya, which descends from the mountain Maha-Mcron. In 1160 A. D. under Sri-Touri- 

 Inniicana they invaded and con((uered the Peninsular of Malacca which was then called 

 Oudjong-Tanah, or the land of Oudjong. The Malays were then called Orang de ba\ah 

 angen, or people of, or toward the South. 



"Other Malay historians trace the origin of the people to Hindustan. They trace 

 their chiefs up to Alexander the Great or Rajah Sekander. One of the sons of Rajah 

 Souren, founder of Besnagour in India concjuered Palembang in Sumatra and founded 

 an empire. About the year 11 59 the Palembang chiefs invaded Java." (pp. 41-43. ) 



Turner's Nineteen )Var.v in Polynesia, gives the following Samoan traditions: 



Ori^^in of Fire. ^lafuie, the god of earthquakes, lived under the earth and kept a 

 constant fire. Talanga used to go down to Mafuie's place through a rock, singing out: 

 "Rock divide, I am Talanga." His son Tiitii found out his secret, descended and got 

 some fire from Mafuie, but when he had lighted his oven Mafuie blew it up and blew out 

 the fire. Tiitii then went down for more, fought Mafuie, broke off his right arm and 

 obtained fire, Mafuie telling him to find it in every wood he cut. 



Savage island has a similar tradition, changing the names of Talanga and Tiitii 

 into "Mani" (father) and "Mani" (son). 



Cosinoi;on\. In the beginning the earth was covered with water and the heaven 

 al(jne inhabited. Tangaloa, the great god, sent his daughter in the form of the bird kiiri 

 { snipe ) to look for dry land. She found a spot, and as it was extending, she visited it 

 fref|uentlv. At one time she brought dow'n some earth and a creeping plant. The 

 plant grew, decomposed and turned into worms, and the worms turned into men and 

 women. 



Another account says that Tangaloa rolled two great stones down from heaven, one 

 JK'came the island of Sawaii, the other, Upolo. 



Of old the heavens fell down and people had to crawl a])()Ul. The plants grew 

 and ])ushed the heavens up a little from the earth. The jilace where this happened is 

 called Te'eni^a-lani^i and is thus ])ointed out. One da>- a man came along and oft'ered 



