238 Pomander Collection of Hawaiian Folk-lore. 



survive in song- and saga, Kaulu-a-Kalana. Among- the names for the South occurs 

 tliat ancient one of li/^o. also of Ic/^o. The former sionifies blue, black or dark, and hence 

 the deep water in the sea; the latter is synonymous with moana. the deep oi)en ocean. 

 Now, there is no land to the north of the Hawaiian Islands within reach or ken that 

 could have suggested these names as cognomens or epithets for the North, while nioana 

 lipo. the dark, bottomless ocean, approaches them not on the south only, but on every 

 side. Those names, therefore, bespeak a foreign origin, and that origin 1 hold to have 

 been in the Sunda Islands. No other configuration of land can account for it. 



Though none of the above statements, singly, amounts to a positive proof, yet, 

 taken together, I think they furnish sufficient induction to warrant the conclusion that 

 the Polynesian family in the Pacific, from New Zealand to the Hawaiian group and from 

 Easter Island to the outlying eastern portion of the Viti Archii)elago, is descended 

 from a branch that was agnate to, but far older than, the V^edic branch of the Aryan 

 race : that it had entered India long before the Aryans : that, while there, it became 

 moulded to the Cushite-Arabian civilization of that time and more or less mixed up 

 with the Dravidian branches, who either were in India before it, or entered there from 

 the northeast : that, whether driven out by force or leaving for colonizing purposes, 

 it established itself in the Indian Archipelago at an early period and s])read itself from 

 Sumatra to Timor, from Borneo to Manila; that it was followed into this archipelago 

 by Brahmanized Dra vidians and other tribes from Deccan who, in their turn, ob- 

 tained the ascendancy and drove the Polynesians to the mountains and the interior of 

 the larger islands or compelled them to leave altogether; that no positive time can be 

 assigned for leaving the Asiatic Archipelago and inishing into the Pacific — it may 

 have occurred centuries bef()re the present era, Imt certainly was not later than the 

 first century of it, or thereabout; that the diversity of features and comi^lexion in the 

 Polynesian family — the fre(|uent high forehead and Roman nose and light olive color — 

 attest as much its Aryan relation and Cushite connection, as it does its intermixture 

 with the Dravidian and Malay branches before and subsequent to leaving India; and 

 that if the present Hindu is an Aryan descendant, the Polynesian is, a fortiori, an 

 Ar\an ancestor. 



