228 Pomander CoUccfioii of Hawaiian Folk-lore. 



In the L'Univers or Occanie by O. L- Doniinis tie Rienzi this subject and its 

 bearing- vipon the relationship of the Polynesian and the present Daya tribes and their 

 connections in Malaysia is fully and well treated. The Malays and Javanese, who 

 arrived in the archijielago at a later date than the above tribes, also attest their ])ri(irity 

 by calling them the "Orang Benoa," aborigines of the country. 



Another indication of the Polynesians leaving" the Malay Archipelago after the 

 establishment of a Hindu empire and Brahmanism in that archipelago, seems to me to 

 be found in the name "Sawaii," "Hawaii," "Havaiki," as it is differently called in dif- 

 ferent Polynesian dialects. The word Hawaiki. used by the New Zealanders, the Tongas, 

 the Hervey, some of the Paumotu and, I think the Northern Marquesas, is undoubtedly 

 the oldest form of the word, that form — with the dialectical difference of s and // — 

 wiiich the Polynesians brought with them from Malaysia. But Plawaiki is identical with 

 Djawa-iki or Jawa-iki (little Java ) the j or dj sound being convertible into /;, as evidenced 

 in the names of other jilaces and words common to the Polynesian and Malay tongues. 

 Previous to the establishment of the Hindus in Jawa, that island was called Nusa- 

 Kindang," as repoi'ted in Javanese annals; after that establishment the name was 

 changed to Nusa-Jawa. That event is by Javanese annals fi.xed at about 76 A. D. 

 Those Hindus came from the country of Kling or Talinga on the west coast of India, 

 and were probably of the Malay stirps, great-grand-nephews, so to say, of the long ante- 

 cedent Polynesians. It was but natural that in their new habitats in the Pacific the 

 latter should emplov the nomenclature of their former homes, as we actually find it to 

 have lieen the case in numerous instances. 



Having then ascertained with a considerable degree of probability, as I think, that 

 the early Polynesians, who settled in the Pacific, came from India through the Malay 

 Archipelago, passing out by the Gilolo Passage or by Torres Straits, and most likely 

 the latter, the question may arise, how came they to push past the entire Papuan Archi- 

 ])eIago, some thousands of miles into the Pacific, before they established themselves in 

 their new homes? That question involves a consideration of the origin and habitats 

 of the Pa]3uan race which I do not feel competent to engage in. This much, however, 

 can be established ; that at some remote period the Papuans inhabited the islands of the 

 Malay Archipelago as far west, at least, as Borneo and probably extended up into Anam, 

 Siam and Burma; that as the Malayo- Polynesian race advanced to the eastward, the 

 Papuans were driven before them, either out of the islands altogether, or into the interior 

 of the larger ones, where remnants of them still are found! Thus expelled from, or 

 conquered in the Malay Archipelago, the Pajnian furnished them an asylum and a home, 

 vmless we assume that they had already spread so far east before they came into hostile 

 contact with the Hindu-Polynesians in the west. When, therefore, the latter were in 

 their turn crowded out by the encroachments of the later Hindu-Malayans, and left from 

 various points of the archipelago — from Sumatra to Timor — • entering the Pacific in 

 quest of new abodes, they found their ancient foes in superior force along their route, 

 and unable to effect permanent settlements along the Papuan islands, they were obliged 



■■'This seems to have been the name of the whole island, Tonga, Tona, Kona, as variously pronounced and gen- 

 while at the same time the eastern portion was called erally used to designate the western or the lee-side of 

 Nusa Hara-Hara and the western portion was called the Polynesian islands? 

 Sonda. May not the latter correspond to the Polynesian 



